Genetic Information
Gene & Transcript Details
| ID | Status | Details |
|---|---|---|
| NM_005089.1 | Alternative | 1488 nt | 25–1473 |
| NM_005089.2 | Alternative | 1609 nt | 25–1473 |
| NM_005089.3 | RefSeq Select | 1512 nt | 46–1494 |
| NM_005089.4 | MANE Select | 1479 nt | 13–1461 |
Variant Details
Clinical & Population Data
Population Frequency
gnomADClinVar
Open""
COSMIC Somatic Evidence
Open
Functional Impact & Domains
Functional Domain
The ZRSR2 L297Vfs*6 variant is a truncating mutation that results in C-terminally truncated proteins. Functional studies have demonstrated that knockdown of ZRSR2 leads to aberrant splicing and global intron retention, indicating its critical role in splicing U12-type introns. Additionally, knockdown in human hematopoietic stem cells results in reduced proliferation, colony formation, and differentiation defects. These findings support a damaging effect of the ZRSR2 L297Vfs*6 variant, likely contributing to defective differentiation due to splicing defects.
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Computational Analysis
Pathogenicity Predictions
SpliceAISpliceAI Scores
Window: ±500bp| Effect Type | Score | Position |
|---|---|---|
| Acceptor Loss (AL) | 0.06 | -60 bp |
| Donor Loss (DL) | 0.09 | 49 bp |
| Acceptor Gain (AG) | 0.0 | 0 bp |
| Donor Gain (DG) | 0.35 | 0 bp |
VCEP Guidelines
Applied ACMG/AMP Criteria (VCEP Specific)
PVS1 (Very Strong)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PVS1 is: "Null variant (nonsense, frameshift, canonical ±1 or 2 splice sites, initiation codon, single exon deletion) in a gene where loss of function is a known mechanism of disease." The evidence for this variant shows: NM_005089.3:c.889_895del results in a frameshift (L297Vfs*6) leading to a truncated protein and loss of function in ZRSR2, a gene where LOF is established as disease mechanism. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Very Strong strength because the variant is a null variant in a LOF‐sensitive gene.
PS1 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS1 is: "Same amino acid change as a known pathogenic variant but different nucleotide change." The evidence for this variant shows: it is a frameshift leading to truncation, not a missense change matching a known pathogenic residue. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PS2 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS2 is: "De novo (both maternity and paternity confirmed) in a patient with the disease and no family history." The evidence for this variant shows: no parental genotype or de novo data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PS3 (Strong)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS3 is: "Well-established functional studies supportive of a damaging effect on the gene or gene product." The evidence for this variant shows: functional knockdown studies of ZRSR2 demonstrate aberrant splicing, global intron retention, and hematopoietic differentiation defects consistent with a damaging effect of the truncating L297Vfs*6 variant. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Strong strength because multiple in vitro and in vivo assays support a deleterious impact.
PS4 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS4 is: "Prevalence of the variant in affected individuals is significantly increased compared to controls." The evidence for this variant shows: no case‐control or statistical enrichment data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PM1 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM1 is: "Located in a mutational hot spot or well‐established functional domain without benign variation." The evidence for this variant shows: domain or hotspot mapping is not available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PM2 (Moderate)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM2 is: "Absent from controls (or at extremely low frequency if recessive) in population databases." The evidence for this variant shows: it is absent (MAF=0%) from gnomAD and other large control cohorts. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Moderate strength because the variant is not observed in population controls.
PM3 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM3 is: "Detected in trans with a pathogenic variant for recessive disorders." The evidence for this variant shows: zygosity and phase information relative to other variants are not available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PM4 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM4 is: "Protein length changes due to in-frame deletions/insertions or stop-loss variants." The evidence for this variant shows: it is a frameshift causing truncation rather than an in-frame indel. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PM5 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM5 is: "Novel missense change at an amino acid residue where a different pathogenic missense change has been seen." The evidence for this variant shows: it is a frameshift, not a missense substitution. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PM6 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM6 is: "Assumed de novo, but without confirmation of paternity and maternity." The evidence for this variant shows: no de novo or parental data are reported. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PP1 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP1 is: "Co-segregation with disease in multiple affected family members." The evidence for this variant shows: no family segregation data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PP2 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP2 is: "Missense variant in a gene with a low rate of benign missense variation and where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease." The evidence for this variant shows: it is a frameshift, not a missense. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PP3 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP3 is: "Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect on the gene or gene product." The evidence for this variant shows: in silico predictions (SpliceAI score 0.35) are inconclusive. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PP4 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP4 is: "Patient's phenotype or family history is highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology." The evidence for this variant shows: no detailed phenotype or clinical presentation is provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
PP5 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP5 is: "Reputable source reports variant as pathogenic, but without accessible evidence." The evidence for this variant shows: not reported in ClinVar or other databases. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BA1 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BA1 is: "Allele frequency is too high for the disorder." The evidence for this variant shows: allele frequency is 0% in population databases. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BS1 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS1 is: "Allele frequency is greater than expected for the disorder." The evidence for this variant shows: it is absent from controls. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BS2 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS2 is: "Observed in healthy individuals with full penetrance expected at an early age." The evidence for this variant shows: no such observations are reported. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BS3 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS3 is: "Well-established functional studies show no damaging effect on protein function or splicing." The evidence for this variant shows: functional studies demonstrate damaging effects. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BS4 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS4 is: "Lack of segregation in affected family members." The evidence for this variant shows: no segregation data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BP1 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP1 is: "Missense variant in a gene where only loss of function causes disease." The evidence for this variant shows: it is a frameshift, not missense. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BP2 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP2 is: "Observed in trans with a pathogenic variant for a dominant disorder or in cis with a pathogenic variant." The evidence for this variant shows: no phasing or additional variant data. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BP3 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP3 is: "In-frame deletions/insertions in a repetitive region without known function." The evidence for this variant shows: it is a frameshift, not an in-frame indel. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BP4 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP4 is: "Multiple lines of computational evidence suggest no impact on gene or gene product." The evidence for this variant shows: computational predictions are inconclusive. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BP5 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP5 is: "Variant found in a case with an alternate molecular basis for disease." The evidence for this variant shows: no alternate molecular cause is described. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BP6 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP6 is: "Reputable source reports variant as benign, but without accessible evidence." The evidence for this variant shows: no benign assertions are found. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.
BP7 (Not Applied)
According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP7 is: "Synonymous variant with no predicted impact on splicing." The evidence for this variant shows: it is a frameshift, not synonymous. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.