Genetic Information

Gene & Transcript Details

Gene
KRAS
Transcript
NM_033360.4 MANE Select
Total Exons
Reference Sequence
NC_000012.11
Alternative Transcripts
IDStatusDetails
NM_033360.2 Alternative 5436 nt | 182–751
NM_033360.4 Alternative 5430 nt | 191–760
NM_033360.3 Alternative 5889 nt | 193–762

Variant Details

HGVS Notation
NM_033360.4:c.182_183delinsTC
Protein Change
Q61L
Location
Exon 3 (Exon 3 of )
3
5'Exon Structure3'
Functional Consequence
Loss of Function
Alternate Identifiers

Clinical & Population Data

Population Frequency

gnomAD
Global Frequency
0.0 in 100,000
Extremely Rare
ACMG Criteria Applied PM2
This variant is absent or extremely rare in population databases (PM2 criteria applies).

ClinVar

Open
Classification
Unknown
0 publications
Clinical Statement

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COSMIC Somatic Evidence

Open
COSMIC ID
COSM1166780
Recurrence
5 occurrences
PM1 Criteria
Not Applied
COSMIC Database Preview
COSMIC Preview
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Functional Impact & Domains

Functional Domain

Hotspot Status
Not a hotspot
Domain Summary
This variant is not located in a mutational hotspot or critical domain.
Related Variants in This Domain
No evidence of other pathogenic variants at this position in gene KRAS.

Functional Studies & Therapeutic Relevance

Functional Summary

The KRAS Q61L variant has been functionally characterized as oncogenic. It is located in the catalytic G-domain of the KRAS protein and has been shown to be activating, with increased pathway activation compared to the wildtype in murine cell models.

Database Previews
OncoKB
OncoKB Preview
JAX-CKB
JAX-CKB Preview

Click on previews to view full database entries. External databases may require institutional access.

Computational Analysis

Pathogenicity Predictions

SpliceAI
Predictor Consensus
Mixed/VUS
PP3 Applied
No
REVEL Score
0.0
Threshold: ≥0.75 = PP3 applied

SpliceAI Scores

Window: ±500bp
Effect Type Score Position
- Acceptor Loss (AL) 0.01 71 bp
- Donor Loss (DL) 0.11 5 bp
+ Acceptor Gain (AG) 0.0 4 bp
+ Donor Gain (DG) 0.0 54 bp
High impact (≥0.5) Medium impact (0.2-0.49) Low impact (<0.2)

VCEP Guidelines

Applied ACMG/AMP Criteria (VCEP Specific)

Filter Criteria:
PVS1

PVS1 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PVS1 is: “Null variant (nonsense, frameshift, canonical ±1 or 2 splice sites, initiation codon, single exon or multiexon deletion) in a gene where loss of function is a known mechanism of disease.” The evidence for this variant shows it is a missense change (Q61L), not a null variant. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PS1

PS1 (Strong)

According to VCEP guidelines, PS1 strong strength: “Same amino acid change as a previously established pathogenic variant regardless of nucleotide change.” The evidence for this variant shows Q61L is a well‐established pathogenic amino acid change in KRAS. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Strong strength because the amino acid change matches a known pathogenic variant.

PS2

PS2 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS2 is: “De novo (both maternity and paternity confirmed) in a patient with the disease and no family history.” No inheritance or parental testing data are available for this variant. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PS3

PS3 (Supporting)

According to VCEP guidelines, PS3 supporting strength: “One approved assay showing a damaging effect.” The evidence for this variant shows functional characterization in murine cell models demonstrating oncogenic activation (increased pathway activation). Therefore, this criterion is applied at Supporting strength because one disease‐specific functional assay supports a damaging effect.

PS4

PS4 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, PS4 strong strength: “≥5 points from case‐control or case series data.” No case‐control or case‐series data or point counts are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PM1

PM1 (Moderate)

According to VCEP guidelines, PM1 moderate strength: “Variant is within a critical and well‐established functional domain (SW2 [AA 57–64]).” The evidence for this variant shows Q61 resides within the SW2 domain (AA 57–64) of KRAS. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Moderate strength because the variant lies in a mutational hotspot domain.

PM2

PM2 (Supporting)

According to VCEP guidelines, PM2 supporting strength: “Absent from controls (gnomAD).” The evidence for this variant shows it is not found in gnomAD or other population databases. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Supporting strength because the variant is absent from population controls.

PM3

PM3 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM3 is: “Detected in trans with a pathogenic variant for a recessive disorder.” This variant is associated with a dominant gain‐of‐function mechanism and there is no evidence of trans configuration in a recessive context. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PM4

PM4 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM4 is: “Protein length changes as a result of in‐frame deletions/insertions in a non‐repeat region.” This variant is a missense substitution (delins results in Q61L), not a length‐altering in‐frame indel. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PM5

PM5 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, PM5 strong strength requires: “≥2 different pathogenic residue changes at the same codon observed in ≥5 probands.” While other Q61 substitutions (e.g., Q61R, Q61K) are pathogenic, specific proband counts are not available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to insufficient proband data.

PM6

PM6 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM6 is: “Assumed de novo, but without confirmation of paternity and maternity.” No de novo data are provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PP1

PP1 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP1 is: “Co‐segregation with disease in multiple affected family members.” No family segregation data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PP2

PP2 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP2 is: “Missense variant in gene with low rate of benign missense variation (<0.5%).” Specific data on benign missense rate in KRAS are not provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PP3

PP3 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, PP3 supporting strength requires: “REVEL ≥0.7 for missense variants.” No REVEL score is available; computational predictions are mixed. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PP4

PP4 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP4 is: “Patient’s phenotype or family history highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology.” No clinical phenotype or family history is provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

PP5

PP5 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP5 is: “Reputable source recently reports variant as pathogenic, but evidence not available.” The variant is not present in ClinVar or other databases. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BA1

BA1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, BA1 stand alone: “MAF ≥0.05% in gnomAD.” The variant is absent from gnomAD. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BS1

BS1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, BS1 strong strength: “MAF ≥0.025% in gnomAD.” The variant is absent from gnomAD. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BS2

BS2 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS2 is: “Observed in healthy adult individuals for a fully penetrant dominant disorder.” No observations in healthy individuals are reported. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BS3

BS3 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS3 is: “Well‐established functional studies show no damaging effect.” Functional studies demonstrate a damaging, activating effect. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BS4

BS4 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS4 is: “Non‐segregation in affected members of a family.” No segregation data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BP1

BP1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, BP1 supporting strength: “Truncating variants in a gain‐of‐function gene.” This variant is missense, not truncating. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BP2

BP2 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP2 is: “Observed in trans with a pathogenic variant for a dominant disorder or in cis with a pathogenic variant.” No such data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BP3

BP3 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP3 is: “In‐frame deletions/insertions in a repetitive region without a known function.” This variant is a missense change, not an in‐frame indel in a repetitive region. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BP4

BP4 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, BP4 supporting strength: “REVEL ≤0.3 for missense variants.” No REVEL score is available; computational predictions are mixed. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BP5

BP5 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP5 is: “Variant found in a case with an alternate molecular basis for disease.” No alternate molecular basis is reported. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BP6

BP6 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP6 is: “Reputable source reports variant as benign.” No such report exists. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.

BP7

BP7 (Not Applied)

According to Standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP7 is: “Synonymous variant with no predicted splicing impact and not highly conserved.” This variant is missense, not synonymous. Therefore, this criterion is not applied.