Genetic Information

Gene & Transcript Details

Gene
FH
Transcript
NM_000143.4 MANE Select
Total Exons
Reference Sequence
NC_000001.10
Alternative Transcripts
IDStatusDetails
NM_000143.2 Alternative 1791 nt | 33–1565
NM_000143.4 MANE Select 1791 nt | 34–1566
NM_000143.3 RefSeq Select 1877 nt | 64–1596

Variant Details

HGVS Notation
NM_000143.4:c.648T>A
Protein Change
D216E
Location
Exon 5 (Exon 5 of )
5
5'Exon Structure3'
Functional Consequence
Loss of Function
Alternate Identifiers

Clinical & Population Data

Population Frequency

gnomAD
Global Frequency
0.00778 in 100,000
Extremely Rare
ACMG Criteria Applied PM2
This variant is absent or extremely rare in population databases (PM2 criteria applies).

ClinVar

Open
Classification
Uncertain Significance (VUS)
3 publications
Clinical Statement

"This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Benign (1 clinical laboratories) and as Likely benign (5 clinical laboratories) and as Uncertain significance (4 clinical laboratories)."

COSMIC Somatic Evidence

Open
COSMIC ID
Recurrence
0 occurrences
PM1 Criteria
Not Applied
COSMIC Database Preview
COSMIC Preview
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Functional Impact & Domains

Functional Domain

Hotspot Status
Not a hotspot
Domain Summary
This variant is not located in a mutational hotspot or critical domain.
Related Variants in This Domain
No evidence of other pathogenic variants at this position in gene FH.

Functional Studies & Therapeutic Relevance

Functional Summary

The FH D216E variant has not been functionally characterized.

Database Previews
OncoKB
OncoKB Preview
JAX-CKB
JAX-CKB Preview

Click on previews to view full database entries. External databases may require institutional access.

Computational Analysis

Pathogenicity Predictions

SpliceAI
Predictor Consensus
Mixed/VUS
PP3 Applied
No
REVEL Score
0.512
Threshold: ≥0.75 = PP3 applied

SpliceAI Scores

Window: ±500bp
Effect Type Score Position
- Acceptor Loss (AL) 0.0 92 bp
- Donor Loss (DL) 0.0 33 bp
+ Acceptor Gain (AG) 0.0 67 bp
+ Donor Gain (DG) 0.0 -86 bp
High impact (≥0.5) Medium impact (0.2-0.49) Low impact (<0.2)

VCEP Guidelines

Applied ACMG/AMP Criteria (VCEP Specific)

Filter Criteria:
PVS1

PVS1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PVS1 is: "Null variant in a gene where loss of function (LoF) is a known mechanism of disease (e.g., nonsense, frameshift, canonical ±1 or 2 splice sites, initiation codon, single exon deletion in a LoF gene)". The evidence for this variant shows: it is a missense change (D216E), not a null variant. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the variant type does not meet the rule requirement.

PS1

PS1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS1 is: "Same amino acid change as a known pathogenic variant but different nucleotide change". The evidence for this variant shows: no previously established pathogenic variant at codon 216. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because there is no evidence of the same amino acid change reported as pathogenic.

PS2

PS2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS2 is: "De novo (both maternity and paternity confirmed) in a patient with the disease and no family history". The evidence for this variant shows: no de novo information available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because de novo status has not been established.

PS3

PS3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS3 is: "Well-established functional studies supportive of a damaging effect on the gene or gene product". The evidence for this variant shows: no functional studies available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because functional evidence is lacking.

PS4

PS4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS4 is: "Prevalence in affected individuals significantly increased compared with controls". The evidence for this variant shows: no case-control or prevalence data. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because there is no evidence of increased prevalence in affected individuals.

PM1

PM1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM1 is: "Located in a mutational hot spot or well-established functional domain without benign variation". The evidence for this variant shows: no information on a mutational hotspot or critical functional domain at position 216. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the variant is not known to reside in a hotspot or key domain.

PM2

PM2 (Moderate)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM2 is: "Absent from controls (or at extremely low frequency if recessive)". The evidence for this variant shows: present in gnomAD at MAF 0.00778%, extremely rare and absent homozygotes. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Moderate strength because the variant is observed at extremely low frequency in control populations.

PM3

PM3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM3 is: "Detected in trans with a pathogenic variant (for recessive disorders)". The evidence for this variant shows: no information on trans configuration with another variant. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because data on allele phase is missing.

PM4

PM4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM4 is: "Protein length changes due to in-frame deletions/insertions or stop-loss variants". The evidence for this variant shows: missense change with no alteration in protein length. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the variant does not affect protein length.

PM5

PM5 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM5 is: "Novel missense change at an amino acid residue where a different pathogenic missense change has been seen". The evidence for this variant shows: no reported pathogenic missense at codon 216. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because no other pathogenic variants at this residue have been described.

PM6

PM6 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM6 is: "Assumed de novo, but without confirmation of paternity and maternity". The evidence for this variant shows: no information on de novo status. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because de novo occurrence has not been assessed or assumed.

PP1

PP1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP1 is: "Co-segregation with disease in multiple affected family members". The evidence for this variant shows: no family segregation data. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because co-segregation evidence is unavailable.

PP2

PP2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP2 is: "Missense variant in a gene with a low rate of benign missense variation and where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease". The evidence for this variant shows: both benign and pathogenic missense variants have been reported in FH; the rate of benign missense variation is not low. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because FH does not have a low rate of benign missense variation.

PP3

PP3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP3 is: "Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect on the gene/gene product (e.g., conservation, splicing impact)". The evidence for this variant shows: mixed in silico results and SpliceAI predicting no splicing impact. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because computational predictions are not consistently supportive of a deleterious effect.

PP4

PP4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP4 is: "Patient's phenotype or family history highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology". The evidence for this variant shows: no patient phenotype or family history provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because phenotypic specificity data is missing.

PP5

PP5 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP5 is: "Reputable source reports variant as pathogenic, but without accessible evidence". The evidence for this variant shows: no reputable source reports pathogenicity; ClinVar entries do not list pathogenic. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because there are no pathogenic assertions.

BA1

BA1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BA1 is: "Allele frequency is too high for the disorder (based on population data)". The evidence for this variant shows: MAF below 0.01 (0.00778%), far below threshold for BA1. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the allele frequency is not above the BA1 threshold (>5%).

BS1

BS1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS1 is: "Allele frequency is greater than expected for the disorder". The evidence for this variant shows: MAF low (<0.01%) and not greater than expected allele frequency. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the frequency does not exceed the expected maximum.

BS2

BS2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS2 is: "Observed in healthy individuals with full penetrance expected at an early age". The evidence for this variant shows: presence in gnomAD likely includes healthy adults, but no clinical phenotyping to confirm no disease. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because unaffected status is not confirmed.

BS3

BS3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS3 is: "Well-established functional studies show no damaging effect on protein function or splicing". The evidence for this variant shows: no functional assays available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because functional study data is absent.

BS4

BS4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS4 is: "Lack of segregation in affected family members". The evidence for this variant shows: no segregation studies. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because segregation data is not available.

BP1

BP1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP1 is: "Missense variant in a gene where only LoF causes disease". The evidence for this variant shows: missense and LOF both documented in FH. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because missense variants can cause disease in FH.

BP2

BP2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP2 is: "Observed in trans with a pathogenic variant for dominant disorders or in cis with a pathogenic variant". The evidence for this variant shows: no allele phase information. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because trans or cis status is unknown.

BP3

BP3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP3 is: "In-frame deletions/insertions in a repetitive region without known function". The evidence for this variant shows: missense variant, no indel. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because BP3 is not relevant to missense changes.

BP4

BP4 (Supporting)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP4 is: "Multiple lines of computational evidence suggest no impact". The evidence for this variant shows: SpliceAI predicts no impact, CADD low, PolyPhen benign. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Supporting strength because computational evidence supports no impact.

BP5

BP5 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP5 is: "Variant found in a case with an alternate molecular basis for disease". The evidence for this variant shows: no case reports with alternative diagnosis. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because case context is lacking.

BP6

BP6 (Supporting)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP6 is: "Reputable source reports variant as benign, but without accessible evidence". The evidence for this variant shows: multiple clinical labs in ClinVar report benign or likely benign without detailed evidence. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Supporting strength because there are benign assertions from reputable sources without accessible evidence.

BP7

BP7 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP7 is: "Synonymous variant with no predicted impact on splicing". The evidence for this variant shows: missense change, not synonymous. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because BP7 applies only to synonymous variants.