Genetic Information

Gene & Transcript Details

Gene
PALB2
Transcript
NM_024675.4 MANE Select
Total Exons
Reference Sequence
NC_000016.9
Alternative Transcripts
IDStatusDetails
NM_024675.4 MANE Select 4008 nt | 154–3714
NM_024675.3 RefSeq Select 4069 nt | 201–3761

Variant Details

HGVS Notation
NM_024675.4:c.2607C>A
Protein Change
S869=
Location
Exon 7 (Exon 7 of )
7
5'Exon Structure3'
Functional Consequence
Loss of Function
Alternate Identifiers

Clinical & Population Data

Population Frequency

gnomAD
Global Frequency
0.00353 in 100,000
Extremely Rare
ACMG Criteria Applied PM2
This variant is absent or extremely rare in population databases (PM2 criteria applies).

ClinVar

Open
Classification
Likely Benign
2 publications
Clinical Statement

"This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (6 clinical laboratories) and as Benign (2 clinical laboratories)."

COSMIC Somatic Evidence

Open
COSMIC ID
Recurrence
0 occurrences
PM1 Criteria
Not Applied
COSMIC Database Preview
COSMIC Preview
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Functional Impact & Domains

Functional Domain

Hotspot Status
Not a hotspot
Domain Summary
This variant is not located in a mutational hotspot or critical domain.
Related Variants in This Domain
No evidence of other pathogenic variants at this position in gene PALB2.

Functional Studies & Therapeutic Relevance

Functional Summary

The variant has not been functionally characterized.

Database Previews
OncoKB
OncoKB Preview
JAX-CKB
JAX-CKB Preview

Click on previews to view full database entries. External databases may require institutional access.

Computational Analysis

Pathogenicity Predictions

SpliceAI
Predictor Consensus
Mixed/VUS
PP3 Applied
No
REVEL Score
0.0
Threshold: ≥0.75 = PP3 applied

SpliceAI Scores

Window: ±500bp
Effect Type Score Position
- Acceptor Loss (AL) 0.15 10 bp
- Donor Loss (DL) 0.15 -141 bp
+ Acceptor Gain (AG) 0.0 -2 bp
+ Donor Gain (DG) 0.0 -2 bp
High impact (≥0.5) Medium impact (0.2-0.49) Low impact (<0.2)

VCEP Guidelines

Applied ACMG/AMP Criteria (VCEP Specific)

Filter Criteria:
PVS1

PVS1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PVS1 is: "Very Strong Strength: Very Strong Use PALB2 PVS1 Decision Tree Modification Type: Gene-specific,Strength". The evidence for this variant shows: it is a synonymous change (p.S869=) with SpliceAI predicting no impact on splicing. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because PVS1 applies only to null variants predicted to undergo NMD or loss-of-function, which is not the case for a synonymous variant with no splicing effect.

PS1

PS1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PS1 is: "Strong Strength: Strong Use PALB2 PS1 Splicing table Modification Type: General recommendation". The evidence for this variant shows: it does not lead to an amino acid change and there is no known pathogenic variant at this nucleotide resulting in the same amino acid. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because PS1 requires the same amino acid change as a known pathogenic variant.

PS2

PS2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS2 is: "De novo (both maternity and paternity confirmed) in a patient with the disease and no family history". The evidence for this variant shows: no parental testing or de novo data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to lack of de novo confirmation.

PS3

PS3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS3 is: "Well-established in vitro or in vivo functional studies supportive of a damaging effect on the gene or gene product". The evidence for this variant shows: no functional studies have been performed. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because functional data are unavailable.

PS4

PS4 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PS4 is: "Strong Strength: Strong Case-control studies; p-value ≤.05 AND (Odds ratio, hazard ratio, or relative risk ≥3 OR lower 95% CI ≥1.5)". The evidence for this variant shows: no case-control or cohort data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to absence of case-control evidence.

PM1

PM1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM1 is: "Located in a mutational hot spot and/or critical functional domain without benign variation". The evidence for this variant shows: it is a synonymous change outside of any known functional domain or hotspot. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the variant is not in a critical domain or hotspot.

PM2

PM2 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PM2 is: "Supporting Strength: Supporting Variant absent in gnomAD or present in ≤1/300,000 alleles". The evidence for this variant shows: gnomAD MAF=0.00353% (10/282,886 alleles), which exceeds the VCEP threshold of ≤0.00033%. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the allele frequency is above the supporting threshold.

PM3

PM3 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PM3 is: "Strong Strength: Strong Use Fanconi Anemia PM3 tables Modification Type: Disease-specific,Strength". The evidence for this variant shows: PM3 applies to recessive Fanconi anemia compound heterozygosity data, which are not available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to lack of trans-allelic data.

PM4

PM4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM4 is: "Protein length changes due to in-frame deletions/insertions in a non-repeat region or stop-loss variants". The evidence for this variant shows: it is a synonymous change with no protein length alteration. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because there is no change in protein length.

PM5

PM5 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PM5 is: "Supporting Strength: Supporting Apply to frameshifting or truncating variants with premature termination codons upstream of p.Tyr1183". The evidence for this variant shows: it is synonymous and does not introduce a premature stop. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because PM5 is specific to truncating variants.

PM6

PM6 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM6 is: "Assumed de novo, but without confirmation of paternity and maternity". The evidence for this variant shows: there is no information on de novo occurrence. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to absence of de novo data.

PP1

PP1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PP1 is: "Strong Strength: Strong LOD ≥1.26 or Bayes Factor (LR) ≥18:1 Modification Type: Gene-specific". The evidence for this variant shows: no segregation data are available. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because family segregation analysis is lacking.

PP2

PP2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP2 is: "Missense variant in a gene with a low rate of benign missense variation and where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease". The evidence for this variant shows: it is synonymous, not missense. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because PP2 pertains to missense variants.

PP3

PP3 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PP3 is: "Supporting Strength: Protein: Do not use. RNA: At least one well-established in silico predictor (e.g. SpliceAI) shows impact on splicing". The evidence for this variant shows: SpliceAI predicts no impact on splicing (max score 0.15). Therefore, this criterion is not applied because computational evidence does not suggest a deleterious effect.

PP4

PP4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP4 is: "Patient’s phenotype or family history is highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology". The evidence for this variant shows: no phenotype-level specificity is provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to lack of phenotype correlation.

PP5

PP5 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP5 is: "Reputable source recently reports variant as pathogenic, but the evidence is not available for independent evaluation". The evidence for this variant shows: ClinVar reports it as benign/likely benign only. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because no reputable source reports pathogenicity.

BA1

BA1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BA1 is: "Stand Alone Strength: Stand Alone GnomAD Filtering Allele Frequency >0.1%". The evidence for this variant shows: gnomAD MAF=0.00353% (0.0000353), which is below the 0.1% threshold. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the allele frequency does not exceed the BA1 threshold.

BS1

BS1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BS1 is: "Strong Strength: Strong GnomAD Filtering Allele Frequency greater than expected for disease >0.01%". The evidence for this variant shows: gnomAD MAF=0.00353% (0.0000353), which is below 0.01%. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because the allele frequency does not exceed the BS1 threshold.

BS2

BS2 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BS2 is: "Strong Strength: Strong Per Fanconi Anemia BS2 tables". The evidence for this variant shows: no homozygote or healthy carrier data as per Fanconi anemia BS2 tables. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to lack of appropriate population genotype data.

BS3

BS3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS3 is: "Well-established functional studies show no damaging effect on protein function or splicing". The evidence for this variant shows: no functional studies performed. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because functional evidence is missing.

BS4

BS4 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BS4 is: "Strong Strength: Strong LOD ≤ -1.28 or Bayes Factor (LR) ≤ 0.053:1". The evidence for this variant shows: no segregation or lack-of-segregation data. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to absence of segregation analysis.

BP1

BP1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BP1 is: "Supporting Strength: Supporting Apply to all missense variants. Modification Type: Gene-specific". The evidence for this variant shows: it is synonymous, not missense. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because BP1 pertains only to missense changes.

BP2

BP2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP2 is: "Observed in trans with a pathogenic variant for a dominant disorder or in cis with a pathogenic variant in any mechanism". The evidence for this variant shows: no data on phasing with other variants. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to lack of cis/trans data.

BP3

BP3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP3 is: "In-frame deletions/insertions in a repetitive region without a known function". The evidence for this variant shows: it is a single-nucleotide synonymous change, not an indel. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because BP3 is not relevant.

BP4

BP4 (Supporting)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BP4 is: "Supporting Strength: RNA: At least one well-established in silico predictor (e.g. SpliceAI) shows no impact on splicing". The evidence for this variant shows: SpliceAI predicts no splicing impact (max score 0.15). Therefore, this criterion is applied at Supporting strength because computational splice analysis indicates no effect.

BP5

BP5 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP5 is: "Variant found in a case with an alternate molecular basis for disease". The evidence for this variant shows: no such case data are provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to lack of alternate molecular findings.

BP6

BP6 (Supporting)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP6 is: "Reputable source recently reports variant as benign, but the evidence is not available to perform an independent evaluation". The evidence for this variant shows: ClinVar contains multiple submissions (6 likely benign, 2 benign) without shared primary data. Therefore, this criterion is applied at Supporting strength because reputable sources classify this variant as benign without accessible evidence.

BP7

BP7 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP7 is: "Synonymous variant with no predicted splice impact and nucleotide not highly conserved". The evidence for this variant shows: while it is synonymous and no splicing impact is predicted, conservation data are not provided. Therefore, this criterion is not applied due to insufficient conservation information required by BP7.