Genetic Information

Gene & Transcript Details

Gene
PALB2
Transcript
NM_024675.3 MANE Select
Total Exons
Reference Sequence
NC_000016.9
Alternative Transcripts
IDStatusDetails
NM_024675.4 MANE Select 4008 nt | 154–3714
NM_024675.3 RefSeq Select 4069 nt | 201–3761

Variant Details

HGVS Notation
NM_024675.3:c.682C>T
Protein Change
Q228*
Location
Exon 4 (Exon 4 of )
4
5'Exon Structure3'
Functional Consequence
Loss of Function
Alternate Identifiers

Clinical & Population Data

Population Frequency

gnomAD
Global Frequency
0.0 in 100,000
Extremely Rare
ACMG Criteria Applied PM2
This variant is absent or extremely rare in population databases (PM2 criteria applies).

ClinVar

Open
Classification
Pathogenic
1 publications
Publications List
PMID: 17200668

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Gln228*) in the PALB2 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in PALB2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17200668, 17200671, 17200672, 24136930, 25099575). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PALB2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 484222). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

PMID: 31841383

Variant summary: PALB2 c.682C>T (p.Gln228X) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. The variant was absent in 251096 control chromosomes. c.682C>T has been reported in the literature in at least one individual affected with breast cancer (e.g. Yang_2020). To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Four submitters, including one expert panel (ClinGen), have cited clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014. All submitters classified the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic.

Clinical Statement

"This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (5 clinical laboratories) and as Pathogenic by ClinGen Hereditary Breast, Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer Variant Curation Expert Panel, ClinGen expert panel."

COSMIC Somatic Evidence

Open
COSMIC ID
COSM6924058
Recurrence
1 occurrences
PM1 Criteria
Not Applied
COSMIC Database Preview
COSMIC Preview
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Functional Impact & Domains

Functional Domain

Hotspot Status
Not a hotspot
Domain Summary
This variant is not located in a mutational hotspot or critical domain.
Related Variants in This Domain
No evidence of other pathogenic variants at this position in gene PALB2.

Functional Studies & Therapeutic Relevance

Functional Summary

Error in OpenAI Consolidation. OncoKB: PALB2Q228*PALB2Q228*SomaticNCBI Gene:79728|Show additional gene information Variant OverviewPALB2, a scaffolding protein involved in DNA repair, is altered in various cancers.The PALB2 Q228* is a truncating mutation in a tumor suppressor gene, and therefore is likely oncogenic.Hide mutation effect description The mutation effect description for truncating mutations in PALB2 is: PALB2 truncating mutations can form several forms of C-terminally truncated PALB2 protein and are found in breast cancers. As such, PALB2 is considered a rare breast cancer susceptibility gene. In patient studies, PALB2 truncation mutations were shown to significantly increase the risk of breast cancer, with similar risks for estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer. PALB2 truncation mutations have also been found in cases of hereditary male breast cancer (PMID: 28858227, 18053174, 25529982, 29484706, 28279176, 28779002). JAX-CKB: No results found

Database Previews
OncoKB
OncoKB Preview
JAX-CKB
JAX-CKB Preview

Click on previews to view full database entries. External databases may require institutional access.

Computational Analysis

Pathogenicity Predictions

SpliceAI
Predictor Consensus
Mixed/VUS
PP3 Applied
No
REVEL Score
0.0
Threshold: ≥0.75 = PP3 applied

SpliceAI Scores

Window: ±500bp
Effect Type Score Position
- Acceptor Loss (AL) 0.0 289 bp
- Donor Loss (DL) 0.01 -12 bp
+ Acceptor Gain (AG) 0.0 -493 bp
+ Donor Gain (DG) 0.01 289 bp
High impact (≥0.5) Medium impact (0.2-0.49) Low impact (<0.2)

VCEP Guidelines

Applied ACMG/AMP Criteria (VCEP Specific)

Filter Criteria:
PVS1

PVS1 (Unknown (Pre-LLM))

From pre-LLM assessment (LLM Failed)

PS3

PS3 (Unknown (Pre-LLM))

From pre-LLM assessment (LLM Failed)

PM2

PM2 (Unknown (Pre-LLM))

From pre-LLM assessment (LLM Failed)

PP5

PP5 (Unknown (Pre-LLM))

From pre-LLM assessment (LLM Failed)