Genetic Information

Gene & Transcript Details

Gene
PALB2
Transcript
NM_024675.4 MANE Select
Total Exons
Reference Sequence
NC_000016.9
Alternative Transcripts
IDStatusDetails
NM_024675.4 MANE Select 4008 nt | 154–3714
NM_024675.3 RefSeq Select 4069 nt | 201–3761

Variant Details

HGVS Notation
NM_024675.4:c.841A>G
Protein Change
I281V
Location
Exon 4 (Exon 4 of )
4
5'Exon Structure3'
Functional Consequence
Loss of Function
Alternate Identifiers

Clinical & Population Data

Population Frequency

gnomAD
Global Frequency
0.0 in 100,000
Extremely Rare
ACMG Criteria Applied PM2
This variant is absent or extremely rare in population databases (PM2 criteria applies).

ClinVar

Open
Classification
Uncertain Significance (VUS)
1 publications
Clinical Statement

"This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (2 clinical laboratories)."

COSMIC Somatic Evidence

Open
COSMIC ID
COSM6968640
Recurrence
1 occurrences
PM1 Criteria
Not Applied
COSMIC Database Preview
COSMIC Preview
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Functional Impact & Domains

Functional Domain

Hotspot Status
Not a hotspot
Domain Summary
This variant is not located in a mutational hotspot or critical domain.
Related Variants in This Domain
No evidence of other pathogenic variants at this position in gene PALB2.

Functional Studies & Therapeutic Relevance

Functional Summary

The PALB2 I281V variant has not been functionally characterized.

Database Previews
OncoKB
OncoKB Preview
JAX-CKB
JAX-CKB Preview

Click on previews to view full database entries. External databases may require institutional access.

Computational Analysis

Pathogenicity Predictions

SpliceAI
Predictor Consensus
Mixed/VUS
PP3 Applied
No
REVEL Score
0.0
Threshold: ≥0.75 = PP3 applied

SpliceAI Scores

Window: ±500bp
Effect Type Score Position
- Acceptor Loss (AL) 0.0 448 bp
- Donor Loss (DL) 0.0 -17 bp
+ Acceptor Gain (AG) 0.0 218 bp
+ Donor Gain (DG) 0.0 36 bp
High impact (≥0.5) Medium impact (0.2-0.49) Low impact (<0.2)

VCEP Guidelines

Applied ACMG/AMP Criteria (VCEP Specific)

Filter Criteria:
PVS1

PVS1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PVS1 is: "Use PALB2 PVS1 Decision Tree" (Very Strong Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: c.841A>G (p.I281V) is a missense change, not a null variant. Therefore, this criterion is not applied because PVS1 applies only to null variants per the PALB2 PVS1 Decision Tree.

PS1

PS1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PS1 is: "Use PALB2 PS1 Splicing table" (Strong Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: there is no previously established pathogenic variant resulting in the same amino acid change p.I281V. Therefore, PS1 is not applied.

PS2

PS2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS2 is: "De novo (both maternity and paternity confirmed) in a patient with the disease and no family history." The evidence for this variant shows: no de novo data are available. Therefore, PS2 is not applied.

PS3

PS3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PS3 is: "Well-established functional studies supportive of a damaging effect on the gene or gene product." The evidence for this variant shows: no functional studies have been performed for p.I281V. Therefore, PS3 is not applied.

PS4

PS4 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PS4 is: "Case-control studies; p-value ≤.05 AND (Odds ratio, hazard ratio, or relative risk ≥3 OR lower 95% CI ≥1.5)" (Strong Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: no case-control data are available. Therefore, PS4 is not applied.

PM1

PM1 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM1 is: "Located in a mutational hot spot and/or critical functional domain without benign variation." The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is not located in a known mutational hot spot or critical functional domain. Therefore, PM1 is not applied.

PM2

PM2 (Supporting)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PM2 is: "Variant absent in gnomAD or present in ≤ 1/300,000 alleles" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is absent from gnomAD. Therefore, PM2 is applied at Supporting strength because the variant is absent from population databases.

PM3

PM3 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PM3 is: "Use Fanconi Anemia PM3 tables" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: no evidence of this variant observed in trans with a pathogenic variant in a recessive context. Therefore, PM3 is not applied.

PM4

PM4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM4 is: "Protein length changes as a result of in-frame indels or stop-loss." The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is a missense variant without any change to protein length. Therefore, PM4 is not applied.

PM5

PM5 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PM5 is: "Apply to frameshifting or truncating variants with premature termination codons upstream of p.Tyr1183, based on location of the most C-terminal known pathogenic variant, p.Tyr1183*" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is a missense change. Therefore, PM5 is not applied.

PM6

PM6 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PM6 is: "Assumed de novo, but without confirmation of paternity." The evidence for this variant shows: no de novo data are available. Therefore, PM6 is not applied.

PP1

PP1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PP1 is: "LOD ≥0.3 or Bayes Factor (LR) ≥2:1" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: no segregation data are available. Therefore, PP1 is not applied.

PP2

PP2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP2 is: "Missense variant in a gene with a low rate of benign missense variation and where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease." The evidence for this variant shows: PALB2 has both missense and truncating pathogenic variants and the benign missense variation rate is not established. Therefore, PP2 is not applied.

PP3

PP3 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for PP3 is: "Protein predictors should not be used; RNA: at least one well-established in silico predictor (e.g. SpliceAI) shows impact on splicing" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: SpliceAI predicts no impact on splicing. Therefore, PP3 is not applied.

PP4

PP4 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP4 is: "Patient’s phenotype or family history is highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology." The evidence for this variant shows: no phenotype or family history data provided. Therefore, PP4 is not applied.

PP5

PP5 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for PP5 is: "Reputable source reports variant as pathogenic." The evidence for this variant shows: ClinVar reports VUS. Therefore, PP5 is not applied.

BA1

BA1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BA1 is: "Allele frequency >0.1% in gnomAD" (Stand Alone Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is absent from gnomAD. Therefore, BA1 is not applied.

BS1

BS1 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BS1 is: "GnomAD Filtering Allele Frequency greater than expected for disease >0.01%" (Strong Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is absent from gnomAD. Therefore, BS1 is not applied.

BS2

BS2 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BS2 is: "Per Fanconi Anemia BS2 tables" (Strong Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: no observation in healthy individuals. Therefore, BS2 is not applied.

BS3

BS3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BS3 is: "Well-established functional studies show no damaging effect on protein function." The evidence for this variant shows: no functional studies performed. Therefore, BS3 is not applied.

BS4

BS4 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BS4 is: "LOD ≤ -1.28 or Bayes Factor ≤0.053:1" (Strong Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: no segregation data available. Therefore, BS4 is not applied.

BP1

BP1 (Supporting)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BP1 is: "Apply to all missense variants" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is a missense variant, and PALB2 disease mechanism is loss of function. Therefore, BP1 is applied at Supporting strength because missense variants are less likely to be pathogenic.

BP2

BP2 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP2 is: "Observed in trans with a pathogenic variant for a dominant disorder or in cis with a pathogenic variant in any disorder." The evidence for this variant shows: no such observations. Therefore, BP2 is not applied.

BP3

BP3 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP3 is: "In-frame indels in repetitive region without functional domain." The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is a missense change. Therefore, BP3 is not applied.

BP4

BP4 (Supporting)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BP4 is: "Protein predictors not used; RNA: at least one well-established in silico predictor (e.g. SpliceAI) shows no impact on splicing" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: SpliceAI predicts no splicing impact and protein predictors trend benign. Therefore, BP4 is applied at Supporting strength because multiple computational lines of evidence indicate no impact.

BP5

BP5 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP5 is: "Variant found in a case with an alternate molecular basis for disease." The evidence for this variant shows: no such data. Therefore, BP5 is not applied.

BP6

BP6 (Not Applied)

According to standard ACMG guidelines, the rule for BP6 is: "Reputable source reports variant as benign." The evidence for this variant shows: ClinVar reports VUS. Therefore, BP6 is not applied.

BP7

BP7 (Not Applied)

According to VCEP guidelines, the rule for BP7 is: "Synonymous and deep intronic variants observed lack of RNA defect" (Supporting Strength). The evidence for this variant shows: p.I281V is not synonymous or intronic. Therefore, BP7 is not applied.