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MBD4
Final classification
VUS
MBD4 c.682G>C · p.Val228Leu
MBD4

NM_003925.3:c.682G>C (p.Val228Leu) is a missense variant in MBD4 exon 3, observed at extremely low frequency in population databases (gnomAD v2.1 AF = 0.011%, 31/282,140 alleles; gnomAD v4.1 AF = 0.0079%, 127/1,614,038 alleles; no homozygotes).

Gene
MBD4
Transcript
NM_003925.3
HGVS · transcript:coding
NM_003925.3:c.682G>C
Consequence
N/A
GRCh38
chr3:129436962 C>G
GRCh37
chr3:129155805 C>G
Basis gene-specific framework lacked a usable explicit final combination framework, so generic ACMG/AMP 2015 final-combination rules were applied as fallback; applied criteria: PM2 supporting, BP4 supporting; combination = 1 supporting + 1 supporting benign, which maps to VUS.
gene-specific framework lacked a usable explicit final combination framework, so generic ACMG/AMP 2015 final-combination rules were applied as fallback; applied criteria: PM2 supporting, BP4 supporting; combination = 1 supporting + 1 supporting benign, which maps to VUS.
Classification rationale
PM2 BP4 VUS
MBD4 c.682G>C

NM_003925.3:c.682G>C (p.Val228Leu) is a missense variant in MBD4 exon 3, observed at extremely low frequency in population databases (gnomAD v2.1 AF = 0.011%, 31/282,140 alleles; gnomAD v4.1 AF = 0.0079%, 127/1,614,038 alleles; no homozygotes).1 Multiple in silico tools unanimously predict a benign effect: REVEL score 0.199, BayesDel score −0.381, SpliceAI max delta 0.00, and CADD 7.985. Repo et al. (2020) also reported in silico predictions as polymorphism, benign, tolerated, and no splicing impact.2 This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign by Ambry Genetics (SCV005618014) and as Uncertain significance by Invitae (SCV003476936). No expert panel review has been performed (ClinVar Variation ID: 2163156).3 The variant was identified in 1 of 440 Finnish patients with uveal melanoma (Repo et al. 2020). The authors considered it likely benign based on in silico predictions and noted no enrichment in cases compared to the Finnish population frequency (0.032%).4 No functional studies, segregation data, de novo observations, or case-control association data are available for this variant. MBD4 is not an established gene where missense variants are a common disease mechanism; the primary pathogenic mechanism is loss of function via truncating variants.5 Based on generic ACMG/AMP 2015 criteria, the evidence profile consists of PM2_supporting (low population frequency) and BP4_supporting (multiple benign in silico predictions). These opposing criteria result in an overall classification of Uncertain significance.6

PM2 + BP4 VUS
5 pvs1_gene_context
6 generic_acmg_combination_rules
Gene diagram · NM_003925.3 · variants mapped to exon structure
MBD4 NM_003925.3
Fetching transcript structure from UCSC…
Applied criteria · 2 applied · 19 assessed
Applied · 2
Strength Supporting Moderate Strong Very strong
PM2 supporting Pathogenic
NM_003925.3:c.682G>C is present at extremely low frequency in population databases: gnomAD v2.1 overall allele frequency is 0.011% (31/282,140 alleles) and gnomAD v4.1 overall allele frequency is 0.0079% (127/1,614,038 alleles), both below the 0.1% PM2 threshold. No homozygotes are observed. The highest subpopulation frequency is in the Finnish population at 0.032% (v2.1), also well below 0.1%.
gnomAD v2.1: AF = 0.011%31/282140 alleles
BP4 supporting Benign
Multiple lines of computational evidence unanimously predict a benign effect: REVEL score 0.199, BayesDel score −0.381, SpliceAI max delta 0.00, and CADD 7.985. Repo et al. 2020 also reported in silico predictions as polymorphism (MutationTaster), benign (PolyPhen), tolerated (SIFT), and no splicing impact (HSF), supporting BP4 at supporting strength.
REVEL: 0.199 (benign).BayesDel: −0.381 (benign).SpliceAI: max delta 0.00 (no splice impact).
Assessed · not applied
Pathogenic
PS2 No de novo observation of NM_003925.3:c.682G>C has been reported in any reviewed publication or database.
PS3 No variant-specific functional assay for NM_003925.3:c.682G>C (p.Val228Leu) was identified.
PS4 The variant was observed in 1 of 440 Finnish uveal melanoma patients (Repo et al.
PM1 The variant resides in exon 3 of MBD4, within the methyl-CpG binding domain region, but residue Val228 is not located in a statistically significant mutational hotspot, and no functional domain-specific constraint evidence supports PM1.
PM6 No de novo observation of NM_003925.3:c.682G>C has been reported; no maternity/paternity confirmation data exist for this variant.
PP1 No family segregation data are available for NM_003925.3:c.682G>C in any reviewed publication or database.
PP2 MBD4 is not a gene in which missense variants are a recognized common mechanism of disease.
PP3 Multiple in silico tools unanimously predict a benign effect: REVEL score 0.199 (below the 0.29 benign threshold), BayesDel score −0.381 (negative scores favor benign), SpliceAI max delta 0.00 (no splicing impact), and CADD 7.985 (below common pathogenicity thresholds).
PP4 No specific patient phenotype data for NM_003925.3:c.682G>C carriers are available that would allow evaluation of phenotype specificity.
PP5 No reputable source has independently classified NM_003925.3:c.682G>C as pathogenic.
Benign
BA1 The overall allele frequency in gnomAD v2.1 is 0.011%, well below the BA1 threshold of >1%.
BS1 The overall allele frequency in gnomAD v2.1 is 0.011%, well below the BS1 threshold of >0.3%.
BS2 No evidence of observation in healthy adult controls specifically documented for this variant.
BS3 No functional studies demonstrating a benign effect of NM_003925.3:c.682G>C (p.Val228Leu) have been performed.
BS4 No segregation data are available for NM_003925.3:c.682G>C.
BP1 Although MBD4 disease mechanism is primarily loss of function via truncating variants, the missense variant NM_003925.3:c.682G>C cannot automatically be considered benign under BP1.
BP2 No observation of NM_003925.3:c.682G>C in trans with a known pathogenic MBD4 variant has been reported.
BP5 No alternate molecular basis for disease has been identified in individuals carrying NM_003925.3:c.682G>C.
BP6 No reputable source has independently classified NM_003925.3:c.682G>C as benign.
N/A · 7 PVS1 · PS1 · PM3 · PM4 · PM5 · BP3 · BP7
Research & evidence
Population frequency
gnomAD v4.1 screenshot
gnomAD v4.1
gnomAD v2.1 screenshot
gnomAD v2.1
v4.1
This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 7.86846e-05; MAF= 0.00787%, 127/1614038 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the European (Finnish) population (AF= 0.000296884; MAF= 0.02969%, 19/63998 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 7.573e-05.
v2.1
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.000109875; MAF= 0.01099%, 31/282140 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the European (Finnish) population (AF= 0.000318522; MAF= 0.03185%, 8/25116 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 0.00030441.
🇨🇦 CA
Not available in gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
Allele frequency by ancestry
three datasets · side by side
gnomAD v4.1
0.0079% · 127 / 1,614,038
0 hom · FAF 0.0076%
European (Finnish)
19 / 63,998
0.03%
European (non-Finnish)
106 / 1,180,050
0.009%
Remaining individuals
2 / 62,488
0.0032%
+ 7 not observed (Admixed American, Amish, East Asian, Middle Eastern, South Asian, Ashkenazi Jewish, African/African American)
gnomAD v2.1
0.011% · 31 / 282,140
0 hom · FAF 0.03%
European (Finnish)
8 / 25,116
0.032%
European (non-Finnish)
23 / 128,546
0.018%
+ 6 not observed (African/African American, Admixed American, Ashkenazi Jewish, East Asian, Remaining individuals, South Asian)
gnomAD Canada 🇨🇦
Absent · 0 / ?
0 hom
Not observed in any ancestry group.
ClinVar screenshot
ClinVar
This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (1 clinical laboratory) and as Uncertain significance (1 clinical laboratory). (ClinVarID = 2163156)
SpliceAI screenshot
In silico
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.199. BayesDel score = -0.380622.
Functional / OncoKB screenshot
Functional Unknown Oncogenic Effect
OncoKB did not identify variant-specific reviewed functional evidence for this variant; gene-level curated context is available for reviewer follow-up. MBD4, a DNA glycosylase, is infrequently altered in cancer.
OncoKB ↗
COSMIC screenshot
COSMIC
Cancer hotspots screenshot
Cancer hotspots
Somatic evidence Not in COSMIC / hotspots
COSMIC
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has not previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC).
Hotspots
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.
Sources & reference links
8Sources
ClinVar
gnomAD v2.1
gnomAD v4.1
gnomAD-Canada
SpliceAI
OncoKB
COSMIC
Cancer hotspots
Triaged references · 6 PMIDs not cited in assessment
23619275 ↗ ACMG position statement on prenatal/preconception expanded carrier screening. CLINVAR
25730230 ↗ Expanded carrier screening in reproductive medicine-points to consider: a joint statement of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, National Society of Genetic Counselors, Perinatal Quality Foundation, and Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. CLINVAR
32421892 ↗ Germline loss-of-function variants in MBD4 are rare in Finnish patients with uveal melanoma. CLINVAR
24121147 ↗ Appropriateness of newborn screening for α1-antitrypsin deficiency. CLINVAR
23037933 ↗ Including the initial newborn screening bloodspot collection device serial number on birth certificates: basis and recommendations from the Secretary of Health and Human Services' Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children. CLINVAR
31022120 ↗ ACOG Committee Opinion No. 778 Summary: Newborn Screening and the Role of the Obstetrician-Gynecologist. CLINVAR