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BRCA2
Final classification
VUS
BRCA2 c.425G>A · p.Ser142Asn
BRCA2

NM_000059.4:c.425G>A (p.Ser142Asn) is a missense variant in BRCA2 exon 4, located outside the established clinically important functional domains (PALB2-binding domain aa 10-40; DNA-binding domain aa 2481-3186).

Gene
BRCA2
Transcript
NM_000059.4
HGVS · transcript:coding
NM_000059.4:c.425G>A
Consequence
N/A
GRCh38
chr13:32325184 G>A
GRCh37
chr13:32899321 G>A
Basis ENIGMA BRCA1/BRCA2 v1.2.0 Table 3 conflicting-evidence point system: PP3_Supporting (+1 pathogenic point) + BS1_Supporting (-1 benign point) = 0 total points, which falls in the VUS range (-1 to 5). No other criteria are met. The single pathogenic supporting criterion and single benign supporting criterion are insufficient to reach Likely Pathogenic or Likely Benign thresholds under the ENIGMA all_of combination rules, and the point system resolves the conflict to VUS.
ENIGMA BRCA1/BRCA2 v1.2.0 Table 3 conflicting-evidence point system: PP3_Supporting (+1 pathogenic point) + BS1_Supporting (-1 benign point) = 0 total points, which falls in the VUS range (-1 to 5). No other criteria are met. The single pathogenic supporting criterion and single benign supporting criterion are insufficient to reach Likely Pathogenic or Likely Benign thresholds under the ENIGMA all_of combination rules, and the point system resolves the conflict to VUS.
Classification rationale
PP3 BS1 VUS
BRCA2 c.425G>A

NM_000059.4:c.425G>A (p.Ser142Asn) is a missense variant in BRCA2 exon 4, located outside the established clinically important functional domains (PALB2-binding domain aa 10-40; DNA-binding domain aa 2481-3186).1 This variant is absent from gnomAD v2.1 but present in gnomAD v4.1 in 44 of 1,544,990 alleles (AF=0.00285%), including 1 homozygote, with a grpmax filter allele frequency of 0.024% (0.00024125). The highest subpopulation frequency is in the South Asian population (30/89,438 alleles, AF=0.034%).2 SpliceAI predicts a splicing alteration with a maximum delta score of 0.91, exceeding the ENIGMA PP3 threshold of ≥0.2 for missense variants, supporting a potential splice effect (PP3_Supporting). However, the specific SpliceAI sub-scores (donor gain/loss, acceptor gain/loss) are not available, and no RNA splicing assay has been performed to confirm this prediction.3 The population frequency evidence meets ENIGMA BS1 at Supporting strength: the grpmax FAF of 0.00024125 exceeds the 0.01% threshold, and the observation of a homozygous individual in gnomAD v4.1 argues against high-penetrance pathogenicity. The variant is absent from gnomAD v2.1 per the ENIGMA-specified dataset, but the larger v4.1 release confirms population presence.4 Multifactorial likelihood analysis from Parsons et al. 2019 (PMID:31131967) yields a combined LR of 1.383 (neutral), with segregation LR=1.554 and pathology LR=0.89. Neither PP1 (co-segregation) nor BS4 (lack of segregation) thresholds are met. The clinical-history LR from Li et al. 2020 (PMID:31853058) is 1.027 (1 proband, neutral zone); PP4 and BP5 are not met.5 The variant is not listed in ENIGMA Table 9 for calibrated functional assay results (PS3/BS3 not assessed). No variant-specific functional evidence was identified in the literature or in OncoKB.6 In ClinVar, this variant is classified as Uncertain Significance by 4 clinical laboratories, as Likely Pathogenic by 3, and as Pathogenic by 2 (ClinVar Variation ID: 197099), with review status of criteria provided, single submitter and no expert panel classification.7 Under the ENIGMA BRCA1/2 v1.2.0 combining rules (Table 3): PP3_Supporting (1 pathogenic supporting) and BS1_Supporting (1 benign supporting) are the only met criteria. Neither Likely Pathogenic nor Likely Benign thresholds are reached. The variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS).8

PP3 + BS1 VUS
5 vcep_humu_40_1557_s001vcep_pmid_31853058_brca2_clinical_history_lrPMID:31131967 ↗PMID:31853058 ↗
6 vcep_specifications_table9_v1_2_2024_11_18oncokb ↗
Gene diagram · NM_000059.4 · variants mapped to exon structure
BRCA2 NM_000059.4
Fetching transcript structure from UCSC…
Applied criteria · 2 met · select any tile
Met
Not met
Not assessed
N/A
Strength very strong supporting
Pathogenic evidence
PVS
PS
PM
PP
Benign evidence
BA
BS
BP
Rationale
Select a criterion.
Sources
Evidence used
    Gaps remaining
      Rule
      Research & evidence
      Population frequency
      gnomAD v4.1 screenshot
      gnomAD v4.1
      gnomAD v2.1 screenshot
      gnomAD v2.1
      v4.1
      This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 2.84791e-05; MAF= 0.00285%, 44/1544990 alleles, homozygotes = 1) and has highest observed frequency in the South Asian population (AF= 0.000335428; MAF= 0.03354%, 30/89438 alleles, homozygotes = 1); grpmax FAF= 0.00024125.
      v2.1
      Absent from gnomAD v2.1.
      🇨🇦 CA
      This variant is absent from gnomAD-Canada.
      Allele frequency by ancestry
      three datasets · side by side
      gnomAD v4.1
      0.0028% · 44 / 1,544,990
      1 hom · FAF 0.024%
      South Asian
      30 / 89,438
      0.034%
      1 hom
      European (non-Finnish)
      14 / 1,118,544
      0.0013%
      + 8 not observed (Remaining individuals, Admixed American, European (Finnish), Amish, East Asian, Middle Eastern, Ashkenazi Jewish, African/African American)
      gnomAD v2.1
      Absent · 0 / ?
      0 hom
      Not observed in any ancestry group.
      gnomAD Canada 🇨🇦
      Absent · 0 / ?
      0 hom
      Not observed in any ancestry group.
      ClinVar screenshot
      ClinVar
      This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (4 clinical laboratories) and as Likely pathogenic (3 clinical laboratories) and as Pathogenic (2 clinical laboratories). (ClinVarID = 197099)
      SpliceAI screenshot
      In silico
      SpliceAI predicts possible splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.91). REVEL score = 0.153. BayesDel score = -0.314007.
      Functional / OncoKB screenshot
      Functional Likely Oncogenic
      OncoKB did not identify variant-specific reviewed functional evidence for this variant; gene-level curated context is available for reviewer follow-up. BRCA2, a tumor suppressor involved in the DNA damage response, is mutated in various cancer types.
      OncoKB ↗
      COSMIC screenshot
      COSMIC
      Cancer hotspots screenshot
      Cancer hotspots
      Somatic evidence Not in COSMIC / hotspots
      COSMIC
      This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has not previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC).
      Hotspots
      This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.
      Sources & reference links
      8Sources
      CSpec VCEP
      ClinVar
      gnomAD v2.1
      gnomAD v4.1
      SpliceAI
      OncoKB
      COSMIC
      Cancer hotspots
      Triaged references · 8 PMIDs not cited in assessment
      21638052 ↗ Characterisation of unclassified variants in the BRCA1/2 genes with a putative effect on splicing. ONCOKB
      17576681 ↗ Aberrant 5' splice sites in human disease genes: mutation pattern, nucleotide structure and comparison of computational tools that predict their utilization. CLINVAR
      25741868 ↗ Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology. CLINVAR
      26467025 ↗ A Standardized DNA Variant Scoring System for Pathogenicity Assessments in Mendelian Disorders. CLINVAR
      31131967 ↗ Large scale multifactorial likelihood quantitative analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants: An ENIGMA resource to support clinical variant classification. CLINVAR
      32398771 ↗ Alternative mRNA splicing can attenuate the pathogenicity of presumed loss-of-function variants in BRCA2. CLINVAR
      32853339 ↗ Germline Sequencing DNA Repair Genes in 5545 Men With Aggressive and Nonaggressive Prostate Cancer. CLINVAR
      28492532 ↗ Sherloc: a comprehensive refinement of the ACMG-AMP variant classification criteria. CLINVAR