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NM_001127510.3:c.1631T>C
p.Ile544Thr · APC
0%
complete
Final classification
Likely Benign
BS1BP1
APC
c.1631T>C
p.Ile544Thr
missense · exon 15

APC is a tumor suppressor gene whose protein acts as a key brake on the Wnt signaling pathway by helping mark the growth-promoting protein beta-catenin for destruction; it also participates in cell migration, adhesion, and apoptosis. Inherited mutations in APC cause familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal dominant condition characterized by numerous colorectal polyps and a very high risk of colorectal cancer, with related forms including attenuated FAP and gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS). Somatic APC mutations are found in roughly 50-80% of sporadic colorectal cancers, where they act as early tumor-initiating events, and are also observed in some breast, stomach, and prostate cancers. Loss of APC function leaves Wnt signaling abnormally active, driving uncontrolled cell growth, which makes APC a central tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer.

This variant

This APC missense variant is considered in the context of APC's role as a tumor-suppressor gene whose inherited loss-of-function variants cause autosomal dominant familial adenomatous polyposis.

Transcript
NM_001127510.3
HGVS · transcript:coding
NM_001127510.3:c.1631T>C
GRCh38
chr5:112828860 T>C
GRCh37
chr5:112164557 T>C
Likely Benign: BS1 (strong) independently satisfies the APC VCEP's Rule26; BP1 (supporting) is also met.
Classification rationale
BS1BP1 Likely Benign
APC c.1631T>C missense · exon 15

Likely Benign: BS1 is strong because gnomAD v4.1 grpmax FAF exceeds the APC VCEP frequency threshold. Likely Benign: BP1 is supporting because codon 544 lies outside the APC VCEP's beta-catenin-binding repeat exception.

BS1 + BP1 Likely Benign
LYFE Sciences is an AI system, and it can make mistakes. Criteria may be applied incorrectly, sources may be misread, and a confident-looking classification can still be wrong. Double-check every criterion and its underlying evidence before relying on any call.
Gene diagram · NM_001127510.3 · variants mapped to exon structure
APC NM_001127510.3
Fetching transcript structure from UCSC…
Applied criteria · 2 applied · 15 assessed
MetEvidence satisfies this criterion.
Not metEvaluated against available evidence; threshold not reached.
Not assessedApplies in principle, but no evidence was found to evaluate it.
N/ADoesn't apply to this variant type.
Applied · 2
Strength Supporting Moderate Strong Very strong
BS1 strong Benign
Met, strong: gnomAD v4.1 grpmax FAF 0.00027828 exceeds the APC BS1 threshold of 0.00001 (0.001%).
The governing APC InSiGHT VCEP specifies BS1 at gnomAD Popmax Filtering AF >= 0.00001 (0.001%) and assigns strong strength.gnomAD v4.1 reports grpmax FAF 0.00027828 and European (non-Finnish) AF 0.000304574 (0.03046%), both above the VCEP threshold.
BP1 supporting Benign
Met (Supporting): p.Ile544Thr is at codon 544, outside the APC VCEP BP1 exception for codons 1021-1035 in the beta-catenin-binding repeat.
The APC InSiGHT VCEP BP1 rule applies to APC missense variants except those in the first 15-amino-acid repeat of the beta-catenin-binding domain, codons 1021-1035.The assessed variant is NP_001120982.1:p.(Ile544Thr), placing it at codon 544 and outside the codon 1021-1035 exception.
Assessed · not applied · 5 not met · 10 not assessed
Pathogenic
PS1 Not met: the APC VCEP's two recognized likely pathogenic missense comparators are p.Asn1026Ser and p.Ser1028Arg, not p.Ile544Thr.
PS2 Not assessed: the variant was reported in one individual, but no parental testing, confirmed maternity or paternity, or phenotype-point data are available to calculate a de novo score.
PS3 Not assessed: no variant-specific RNA or protein functional assay result is available to meet the APC VCEP PS3 requirements.
PS4 Not assessed: the exact variant was seen once, but no phenotype-point score or case-control enrichment data are available for the APC PS4 thresholds.
PM2 Not met: gnomAD v4.1 AF 0.000233606 with allele count 375 exceeds the APC PM2 threshold of 0.000003.
PM5 Not assessed: zero codon-544 comparator candidates were collected, but the PM5 search ended with an HTTP 429 rate-limit error, so absence of a qualifying alternate cannot be confirmed.
PM6 Not assessed: one reported individual is insufficient because no assumed-de-novo documentation, parental relationship evidence, or phenotype-point data are provided.
PP1 Not assessed: no affected relatives, informative pedigree, segregation results, or meiosis count are reported for the variant.
PP3 Not met: SpliceAI maximum delta 0.001 is below the 0.2 supporting threshold and does not support a deleterious splice effect.
Benign
BA1 Not met: gnomAD v4.1 Popmax-related frequency 0.000304574 (0.03046%) is below the APC BA1 threshold of 0.001 (0.1%).
BS2 Not met: gnomAD v4.1 reports 0 homozygotes, and no qualifying healthy-individual points or 2 homozygous observations are documented.
BS3 Not assessed: no variant-specific benign RNA or protein assay result, including required controls, is available to meet the APC VCEP BS3 requirements.
BS4 Not assessed: no affected relatives without the variant or phenotype-point evidence is available to demonstrate non-segregation.
BP2 Not assessed: the variant was reported once, but no pathogenic partner variant or cis/trans phase information establishes the APC BP2 threshold.
BP5 Not assessed: no qualifying alternate pathogenic gene variant and no documented colorectal polyposis phenotype are available for the exact APC variant case.
N/A · 11 PVS1 · PM1 · PM3 · PM4 · PP2 · PP4 · PP5 · BP3 · BP4 · BP6 · BP7
Research & evidence
Population frequency · supports benign
gnomAD v4.1 screenshot
gnomAD v4.1
gnomAD v2.1 screenshot
gnomAD v2.1
v4.1
This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 0.000233606; MAF= 0.02336%, 375/1605270 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the European (non-Finnish) population (AF= 0.000304574; MAF= 0.03046%, 357/1172130 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 0.00027828.
v2.1
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.000152206; MAF= 0.01522%, 43/282512 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the European (non-Finnish) population (AF= 0.000310154; MAF= 0.03102%, 40/128968 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 0.00024287.
🇨🇦 CA
Not available in gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
Allele frequency by ancestry
three datasets · side by side
gnomAD v4.1
0.023% · 375 / 1,605,270
0 hom · FAF 0.028%
European (non-Finnish)
357 / 1,172,130
0.03%
Remaining individuals
12 / 62,114
0.019%
Admixed American
3 / 59,998
0.005%
European (Finnish)
2 / 63,996
0.0031%
African/African American
1 / 74,908
0.0013%
+ 5 not observed (Amish, East Asian, Middle Eastern, South Asian, Ashkenazi Jewish)
gnomAD v2.1
0.015% · 43 / 282,512
0 hom · FAF 0.024%
European (non-Finnish)
40 / 128,968
0.031%
Remaining individuals
1 / 7,214
0.014%
European (Finnish)
1 / 25,120
0.004%
Admixed American
1 / 35,394
0.0028%
+ 4 not observed (African/African American, Ashkenazi Jewish, East Asian, South Asian)
gnomAD Canada 🇨🇦
Absent · 0 / ?
0 hom
Not observed in any ancestry group.
ClinVar screenshot
ClinVar
This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (9 clinical laboratories) and as Uncertain significance (4 clinical laboratories) and as Benign (1 clinical laboratory) and as Likely Benign (1 clinical laboratory) and as likely benign (1 clinical laboratory). (ClinVarID = 41520)
SpliceAI screenshot
In silico
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.422. BayesDel score = -0.0440841.
Functional / OncoKB screenshot
Functional Unknown Oncogenic Effect
OncoKB did not identify variant-specific reviewed functional evidence for this variant; gene-level curated context is available for reviewer follow-up. APC, a tumor suppressor involved in WNT signaling, is recurrently altered in colorectal cancer.
OncoKB ↗
COSMIC screenshot
COSMIC
Cancer hotspots screenshot
Cancer hotspots
Somatic evidence Not in COSMIC / hotspots
COSMIC
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV57369033, n = 2 times).
Hotspots
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.
Sources & reference links
9Sources
CSpec VCEP
ClinVar
gnomAD v2.1
gnomAD v4.1
gnomAD-Canada
SpliceAI
OncoKB
COSMIC
Cancer hotspots
Triaged references · 8 PMIDs not cited in assessment
22703879 ↗ Secondary variants in individuals undergoing exome sequencing: screening of 572 individuals identifies high-penetrance mutations in cancer-susceptibility genes. CLINVAR
22855150 ↗ Guidelines for biomarker testing in colorectal carcinoma (CRC): a national conse CLINVAR
23159591 ↗ APC germline mutations in individuals being evaluated for familial adenomatous polyposis: a review of the Mayo Clinic experience with 1591 consecutive tests. CLINVAR
23429431 ↗ Recommendations from the EGAPP Working Group: can testing of tumor tissue for mu CLINVAR
23788249 ↗ ACMG recommendations for reporting of incidental findings in clinical exome and CLINVAR
24033266 ↗ A systematic approach to assessing the clinical significance of genetic variants CLINVAR
24310308 ↗ ACMG technical standards and guidelines for genetic testing for inherited colore CLINVAR
25356965 ↗ ACMG policy statement: updated recommendations regarding analysis and reporting CLINVAR