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Variant interpretation report

APOE c.388T>C, p.Cys130Arg

NM_000041.4:c.388T>C NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg) Missense · exon 4 View identifiers
Classification
Benign

Variant description:

The APOE NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg)) missense variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV52985231, n = 14 times). Based on available guidelines, this variant is considered to be Benign.

Five-step scale from benign to pathogenic. This variant is benign. Select a step to read what it means.

Benign.A benign classification under the recorded framework.

In plain language

Gene-level background from the recorded interpretation.

About APOE

APOE encodes apolipoprotein E, which helps the liver and other cells clear triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants from the blood. Changes in this gene can cause familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (type III hyperlipoproteinemia), leading to increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. APOE has no established cancer role based on the available information.

LYFE Sciences is an AI system, and it can make mistakes. Criteria may be applied incorrectly, sources may be misread, and a confident-looking classification can still be wrong. Double-check every criterion and its underlying evidence before relying on any call.
01The reasoning

How it was classified

The recorded framework is Generic ACMG/AMP 2015 with ClinGen SVI recommendations. The criteria and strengths shown below come from the saved assessment; this page does not recalculate the classification.

Recorded applied criteria

The applied criteria and their strengths are shown as assessed under the stated framework.

Pathogenic evidence criteria: 0 Benign evidence criteria: 2
Pathogenic criteria applied · 0

No pathogenic criterion marked as applied in the recorded assessment.

Benign criteria applied · 2
BA1Stand alone
BA1 · stand alone

Met: gnomAD total allele frequency is 0.148520, exceeding the BA1 stand-alone threshold of 0.05.

BP4Supporting
BP4 · supporting

Met at supporting strength: REVEL 0.229 is within the generic BP4 supporting threshold of <= 0.29 for this missense variant.

Recorded classification: Benign

Benign: BA1 stand-alone benign is met by gnomAD AF 0.148520, with additional BP4 supporting evidence from REVEL 0.229 under generic ACMG rules.

02The sources

Evidence at a glance

Evidence summaries and captured source records, where available. Missing entries should not be interpreted as negative findings.

gnomAD v4.1
gnomAD v2.1
Population frequency
232,864 / 1,567,892 alleles

gnomAD v4.1: 232,864 / 1,567,892 alleles. Recorded AF 0.14852. Recorded homozygote count 17710.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.142529; MAF= 14.25294%, 28637/200920 alleles, homozygotes = 2091) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 0.218158; MAF= 21.81583%, 3871/17744 alleles, homozygotes = 403); grpmax FAF= 0.215746.

gnomAD-Canada

This variant is present in gnomAD-Canada v1.0 (AF= 0.12580154331050972, 2315/18402 alleles, homozygotes = 168).

No screenshot for this evidence
REVEL score
0.229 recorded score

Recorded REVEL score: 0.229. Refer to the recorded PP3/BP4 rationale for interpretation.

ClinVar submissions
16 reported laboratory submissions

5 Uncertain significance · 2 risk factor · 2 Likely pathogenic · 2 Pathogenic · 1 Established risk allele · 1 other · 1 Benign · 1 Likely benign · 1 Likely risk allele. ClinVar API review status: criteria provided, conflicting classifications.

Context only ClinVar ↗
No screenshot for this evidence
Functional evidence
Not recorded

No standalone functional evidence summary is recorded in evidence_summary.functional.

No listed criterion applied OncoKB ↗
COSMIC
Cancer Hotspots
Somatic evidence
14 recorded samples

This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV52985231, n = 14 times).

Cancer Hotspots

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.

For specialists

Technical detail

ACMG/AMP criteria under Generic ACMG/AMP 2015 with ClinGen SVI recommendations, with the data and sources behind each one.

28 criteria with recorded statuses: 2 met · 8 not met · 13 not assessed · 5 not applicable. Open any row for the full reasoning, the rule and the evidence behind it.

Met Not met Not assessed Not applicable

For APOE p.Cys130Arg, PM1, PP2, and BP1 are not met because the common missense variant and APOE disease context do not satisfy their prerequisites; PS1 and PM5 remain not assessed without validated pathogenic comparator variants.

No segregation or de novo criterion is assessed because the available evidence lacks proband phenotype, pedigree, parental testing, affected-relative testing, and informative meioses.

No VCEP covers APOE in this case; generic ACMG/AMP 2015 rules govern.

The exact variant is NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (NP_000032.1:p.Cys130Arg).

The literature_pass packet contains no ai_classified_papers; relevant available full-text extracts were checked before concluding that no exact-variant PS4 case-control evidence was demonstrated.

PP5 and BP6 were not triggered because the ClinVar audit reports zero expert-panel submissions and the pathogenic/benign assertions are ordinary laboratory submissions.

Population evidence is strongly benign for BA1 and contradicts PM2 because the variant is common and has numerous homozygotes in gnomAD.

BS1 is not assigned from the generic 1% default because APOE-associated Alzheimer disease risk is late-onset and incompletely penetrant; a disorder-specific maximum credible allele frequency calculation is required.

BS2 is not assessed because aggregate gnomAD homozygote counts do not establish healthy adult status or early-age full penetrance.

Met · 2

BA1 Stand aloneACMG_2015Met: gnomAD total allele frequency is 0.148520, exceeding the BA1 stand-alone threshold of 0.05. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BA1 is met. The variant has gnomAD v2.1 total allele frequency 0.142529 (28,637/200,920 alleles; 2,091 homozygotes) and gnomAD v4.1 total allele frequency 0.148520 (232,864/1,567,892 alleles; 17,710 homozygotes). Both substantially exceed the generic ACMG/AMP stand-alone threshold of 0.05. The highest observed population frequencies are also very high (0.218158 in African/African American individuals in v2.1 and 0.220463 in v4.1), with no indication that the result is a sequencing-quality artifact.

Rule
Allele frequency is above 5% in Exome Sequencing Project, 1000 Genomes or Exome Aggregation Consortium.
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v2.1: AF=0.142529, 28,637/200,920 alleles, homozygotes=2,091; African/African American AF=0.218158.
  • gnomAD v4.1: AF=0.148520, 232,864/1,567,892 alleles, homozygotes=17,710; African/African American AF=0.220463.
  • Generic calibration supplied for this case: BA1 stand-alone threshold >=0.05, ACMG/AMP 2015 stand-alone benign allele frequency (PMID:25741868).
Sources
BP4 SupportingACMGMet at supporting strength: REVEL 0.229 is within the generic BP4 supporting threshold of <= 0.29 for this missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

NM_000041.4:c.388T>C is a missense variant, NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg), so the governing generic path is REVEL only; SpliceAI is not used for PP3/BP4 in this missense situation. The REVEL score is 0.229, which meets the generic BP4 supporting threshold of <= 0.29. This is a single applicable predictor path, without double-counting SpliceAI or using the uncalibrated BayesDel score.

Rule
Missense variant -> REVEL only. Its SpliceAI score says nothing about whether the amino-acid substitution is tolerated, so 'no predicted splice impact' is never BP4 support for a missense variant. ... BP4 (supporting): <= 0.29 — ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, Am J Hum Genet) (PMID:36413997)
Evidence considered
  • Variant consequence: missense, NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg)); therefore REVEL is the applicable computational path and SpliceAI is excluded.
  • Local REVEL lookup: score 0.229 for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C.
  • Generic calibration: BP4 supporting requires REVEL <= 0.29, from the ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997); 0.229 meets this threshold.
  • BayesDel score -0.312622 was not used because no generic ACMG-strength calibration is established.
Sources
revel

Not met · 8 · evaluated, threshold not reached

PS4 ACMG_2015Not met: no reviewed source provides exact-variant case-control counts or an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval meeting >5.0 and excluding 1.0. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The generic PS4 definition requires a significantly increased prevalence in affected individuals compared with controls, with an odds ratio or relative risk >5.0 and a confidence interval excluding 1.0. The literature_pass packet has no ai_classified_papers, and the reviewed full texts do not report exact APOE NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg) case and control counts, a case-control odds ratio, or a confidence interval. PMID:11940689 studied APOE genotype and recovery after traumatic brain injury without variant-specific case-control data; PMID:15668424 studied common APOE codon-112/158 genotypes rather than p.Cys130Arg; PMID:20298421 discusses APOE epsilon4 generally; PMID:21900891 and PMID:26186657 concern CYP2C9/VKORC1 warfarin pharmacogenetics; and PMID:23060451 studied APOE isoforms in mice. Therefore no qualifying exact-variant case-control enrichment is demonstrated, and no odds ratio or confidence interval can be computed from the available evidence.

Rule
The prevalence of the variant in affected individuals is significantly increased compared to the prevalence in controls. ... Note 1: Relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR), as obtained from case-control studies, is >5.0 and the confidence interval around the estimate of RR or OR does not include 1.0.
Evidence considered
  • PMID:11940689: prospective cohort of 87 adults with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury; the reviewed source did not report exact APOE c.388T>C/p.Cys130Arg case-control counts, an odds ratio, or a confidence interval.
  • PMID:15668424: ARIC population cohort of 7,895 participants evaluated common APOE codon-112/158 genotypes; the source explicitly did not mention c.388T>C or p.Cys130Arg and therefore cannot provide exact-variant PS4 data.
  • PMID:20298421: guideline states APOE epsilon4 is a common Alzheimer disease risk factor but does not mention c.388T>C or p.Cys130Arg and supplies no exact-variant case-control comparison.
  • PMID:21900891 and PMID:26186657: warfarin pharmacogenetic guidance/review concerning CYP2C9 and VKORC1, with no APOE c.388T>C or p.Cys130Arg evidence.
  • PMID:23060451: APOE2/APOE3/APOE4 transgenic mouse experiments, not an exact-variant human case-control study.
Still missing
  • A qualifying study reporting exact APOE c.388T>C/p.Cys130Arg counts in affected individuals and matched controls, or an exact-variant odds ratio and confidence interval, was not identified.
Sources
PM1 ACMG_2015Not met: no APOE C130 hotspot was found, and gnomAD v4.1 shows AF 0.148520 with 17,710 homozygotes, inconsistent with no benign variation. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

APOE has no VCEP coverage and vcep_materials.json contains no authoritative domain-table entry. The supplied hotspot result reports no statistically significant hotspot for APOE C130, and the variant is common in gnomAD v4.1 (AF 0.148520; African/African American AF 0.220463; 17,710 homozygotes), which is inconsistent with a critical domain or hotspot without benign variation. No qualifying generic ACMG PM1 site is established by the supplied evidence.

Rule
Located in a mutational hot spot and/or critical and well-established functional domain (e.g. active site of an enzyme) without benign variation.
Evidence considered
  • Cancer Hotspots result for query APOE C130: no statistically significant hotspot.
  • gnomAD v4.1 reports AF 0.148520 (232,864/1,567,892 alleles), African/African American AF 0.220463, and 17,710 homozygotes for the variant.
  • vcep_materials.json reports no VCEP and an empty domain_tables object, so there is no authoritative gene-specific domain list to apply.
Sources
PM2 ACMG_2015Not met: gnomAD AF is 0.148520, far above the PM2 supporting threshold of <=0.0001. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PM2 is not met. The variant is common in population controls: gnomAD v2.1 total AF is 0.142529 (28,637/200,920 alleles; 2,091 homozygotes), and gnomAD v4.1 total AF is 0.148520 (232,864/1,567,892 alleles; 17,710 homozygotes). These frequencies are far above the supplied generic PM2 supporting threshold of <=0.0001 and are incompatible with absence or extremely low frequency in controls.

Rule
Absent from controls (or at extremely low frequency if recessive) in Exome Sequencing Project, 1000 Genomes or Exome Aggregation Consortium.
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v2.1: AF=0.142529, 28,637/200,920 alleles, homozygotes=2,091.
  • gnomAD v4.1: AF=0.148520, 232,864/1,567,892 alleles, homozygotes=17,710.
  • Generic calibration supplied for this case: PM2 supporting threshold <=0.0001, ClinGen SVI 2020 recommendation cited with PMID:25741868.
Sources
PP2 ACMG_2015Not met: p.Cys130Arg has gnomAD v4.1 AF 0.148520 with 17,710 homozygotes, inconsistent with a gene having low benign missense variation. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PP2 requires both a low rate of benign missense variation and missense variants as a common disease mechanism. APOE p.Cys130Arg is common in gnomAD v4.1 (AF 0.148520; 17,710 homozygotes), demonstrating abundant common missense variation inconsistent with the low-benign-missense prerequisite; the supplied literature also describes APOE epsilon4 as a common risk allele rather than a rare missense mechanism. PP2 is therefore not met.

Rule
Missense variant in a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease.
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v4.1 reports AF 0.148520 (232,864/1,567,892 alleles) and 17,710 homozygotes for APOE p.Cys130Arg, inconsistent with low benign missense variation.
  • The EFNS guideline describes APOE epsilon4 as a common Alzheimer disease risk factor that is neither necessary nor sufficient for disease, supporting a common-risk-allele context rather than the PP2 low-benign-missense premise.
Sources
PP3 ACMGNot met: REVEL 0.229 is below the generic PP3 supporting threshold of 0.644 for this missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

NM_000041.4:c.388T>C is a missense variant, NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg), so the governing generic path is REVEL only; SpliceAI is not used for PP3/BP4 in this missense situation. The REVEL score is 0.229, below the generic PP3 supporting threshold of >= 0.644. BayesDel is not used because no generic ACMG-strength calibration is established.

Rule
Missense variant -> REVEL only. Its SpliceAI score says nothing about whether the amino-acid substitution is tolerated, so 'no predicted splice impact' is never BP4 support for a missense variant. ... PP3 (supporting): >= 0.644 — ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, Am J Hum Genet) (PMID:36413997)
Evidence considered
  • Variant consequence: missense, NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg)); therefore REVEL is the applicable computational path and SpliceAI is excluded.
  • Local REVEL lookup: score 0.229 for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C.
  • Generic calibration: PP3 supporting requires REVEL >= 0.644, from the ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997); 0.229 does not meet this threshold.
  • BayesDel score -0.312622 was not used because no generic ACMG-strength calibration is established.
Sources
revel
PP5 ACMG_2015Not met: ClinVar has no exact-variant expert-panel pathogenic assertion, only conflicting ordinary laboratory submissions and no qualifying literature report. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PP5 requires a reputable source to recently report the exact variant as pathogenic when the underlying evidence is unavailable for independent evaluation. ClinVar reports conflicting laboratory classifications, has no expert-panel submission, and has zero usable expert-panel or criterion-lead submissions in the audit. The pathogenic and likely pathogenic entries are ordinary laboratory submissions, not an expert-panel assertion, and the reviewed publications do not independently report this exact variant as pathogenic.

Rule
Reputable source recently reports variant as pathogenic, but the evidence is not available to the laboratory to perform an independent evaluation.
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar exact-variant record: overall classification is Uncertain significance with conflicting classifications; expert_panel_submissions=0 and usable_for_criterion_leads=0.
  • ClinVar includes Pathogenic and Likely pathogenic laboratory submissions, but they are not expert-panel assertions and therefore do not satisfy the required generic PP5 evidence condition.
Sources
BP1 ACMG_2015Not met: APOE literature describes the common missense epsilon4 allele as a disease risk factor, not a primarily truncating disease mechanism. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BP1 requires a gene for which primarily truncating variants are known to cause disease. The available APOE-specific literature instead describes the common missense epsilon4 allele as an Alzheimer disease risk factor, neither necessary nor sufficient for disease, and does not establish a primarily truncating disease mechanism. BP1 is not met.

Rule
Missense variant in a gene for which primarily truncating variants are known to cause disease.
Evidence considered
  • The EFNS guideline states that the APOE epsilon4 allele is a common risk factor for early- and late-onset Alzheimer disease and is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause Alzheimer disease; this does not support primarily truncating APOE disease.
  • No supplied evidence establishes that APOE disease is primarily caused by truncating variants.
Sources
BP6 ACMG_2015Not met: ClinVar has no exact-variant expert-panel benign assertion, and its benign entries are conflicting ordinary laboratory submissions. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BP6 requires a reputable source to recently report the exact variant as benign when the evidence is unavailable for independent evaluation. ClinVar shows a benign and a likely benign laboratory submission, but no expert-panel submission and no usable expert-panel or criterion-lead assertion; the record is conflicting and therefore does not meet the required exact-variant expert-panel condition.

Rule
Reputable source recently reports variant as benign, but the evidence is not available to the laboratory to perform an independent evaluation.
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar exact-variant record: overall classification is Uncertain significance with conflicting classifications; expert_panel_submissions=0 and usable_for_criterion_leads=0.
  • ClinVar includes Benign and Likely benign laboratory submissions, but ordinary laboratory submissions and conflicting aggregate labels do not satisfy the required expert-panel condition for BP6.
Sources

Not assessed · 13 · no assessment recorded

PS1 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no alternate-nucleotide p.Cys130Arg variant with an established pathogenic classification was documented, and ClinVar is conflicting without expert-panel review. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is APOE NM_000041.4:c.388T>C, p.Cys130Arg. The available ClinVar record is conflicting and has no expert-panel submission; it does not establish a previously established pathogenic variant with the same amino-acid change, and no alternate nucleotide change producing p.Cys130Arg was documented in the supplied evidence. Therefore the evidence is insufficient to assess PS1 rather than to apply it.

Rule
Same amino acid change as a previously established pathogenic variant regardless of nucleotide change. ... Caveat: Beware of changes that impact splicing rather than at the amino acid/protein level.
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar variation 17864 lists NM_000041.4(APOE):c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg) with conflicting classifications and no expert-panel submission; this does not establish the required prior pathogenic same-amino-acid observation.
  • No alternate-nucleotide p.Cys130Arg observation was documented in the supplied evidence.
Still missing
  • A validated pathogenic variant producing the same p.Cys130Arg amino-acid change by a different nucleotide change is needed.
Sources
PS2 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no documented proband disease, family-history status, or confirmed maternity and paternity establishes a de novo occurrence. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PS2 cannot be assessed because the available case evidence does not document a proband with the relevant disease, absence of family history, or confirmed maternity and paternity for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C. No pedigree or parental testing results establish that the variant is de novo.

Rule
De novo (both maternity and paternity confirmed) in a patient with the disease and no family history.
Evidence considered
  • The reviewed case evidence identifies NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (APOE p.Cys130Arg) but provides no proband-level phenotype, pedigree, or parental testing results relevant to de novo assessment.
Still missing
  • Proband phenotype and disease diagnosis
  • Family-history assessment
  • Parental genotypes with confirmed maternity and paternity
PS3 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no validated assay directly tested APOE p.Cys130Arg, and the available APOE4 mouse study did not mention this variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PS3 cannot be assessed because no validated in vitro or in vivo functional study in the reviewed evidence directly tests APOE NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg). The APOE4 transgenic-mouse study (PMID:23060451) compares APOE2, APOE3, and APOE4 isoforms and reports amyloid-beta phenotypes, but it does not mention or assay p.Cys130Arg; therefore it cannot establish a damaging effect for this variant. No variant-specific assay controls, reproducibility data, or quantitative functional result were identified.

Rule
PS3: Well-established in vitro or in vivo functional studies supportive of a damaging effect on the gene or gene product.
Evidence considered
  • PMID:23060451, APOE2/APOE3/APOE4 targeted-replacement EFAD mice were evaluated with immunohistochemistry, Thioflavin S staining, ELISAs, biochemical extraction, and stereological counting; the study reported APOE4-associated amyloid-beta phenotypes but did not mention or test c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg).
  • No reviewed source provides a validated functional assay of APOE p.Cys130Arg with variant-specific controls, quantitative results, and reproducibility evidence.
Still missing
  • A validated, variant-specific in vitro or in vivo functional assay with appropriate wild-type and disease-relevant controls is needed.
  • Variant-specific quantitative results and reproducibility data are unavailable.
Sources
PM5 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no qualifying pathogenic alternate missense at residue Cys130 was documented; the PM5 candidate set contained zero same-residue candidates. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The target is p.Cys130Arg. The supplied PM5 candidate file contains zero same-residue candidates and no expert-panel or non-expert-majority pathogenic/likely pathogenic comparator; ClinVar for the target is conflicting and cannot establish a different pathogenic missense change at residue 130. A qualifying alternate missense at Cys130 with an established pathogenic classification was not documented, so PM5 cannot be assessed from the available evidence.

Rule
Novel missense change at an amino acid residue where a different missense change determined to be pathogenic has been seen before. ... Caveat: Beware of changes that impact splicing rather than at the amino acid/protein level.
Evidence considered
  • pm5_candidates.json reports zero total candidates, zero same-residue candidates, and zero expert-panel or non-expert-majority pathogenic/likely pathogenic candidates for residue 130.
  • ClinVar variation 17864 is conflicting and has no expert-panel submission, so its classifications cannot establish a pathogenic comparator for PM5.
Still missing
  • A validated pathogenic missense variant affecting APOE residue Cys130 is needed for PM5 assessment.
Sources
pm5_candidatesclinvar ↗
PM6 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no assumed de novo occurrence or parental testing documents that the variant is absent from both parents. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PM6 cannot be assessed because the available case evidence does not report an assumed de novo occurrence, a proband disease phenotype, or parental testing showing that the variant is absent from the parents. No family or reproductive history supports this criterion.

Rule
Assumed de novo, but without confirmation of paternity and maternity.
Evidence considered
  • The reviewed case evidence contains no parental genotypes, de novo assertion, pedigree, or reproductive-history information for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C.
Still missing
  • Proband phenotype and disease diagnosis
  • Parental genotypes or a documented assumed de novo result
  • Relevant family or reproductive history
PP1 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no affected relatives or informative meioses are documented to demonstrate cosegregation with disease. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PP1 cannot be assessed because no affected family members, informative meioses, genotype-phenotype cosegregation, or family pedigree is documented for this variant. The available evidence also does not establish the disease context needed to evaluate whether APOE is definitively known to cause that disease.

Rule
Co-segregation with disease in multiple affected family members in a gene definitively known to cause the disease.
Evidence considered
  • The reviewed case evidence provides no pedigree, affected-relative descriptions, family genotypes, or meiosis-level segregation data for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C.
Still missing
  • Defined disease phenotype and diagnosis
  • Pedigree with affected relatives
  • Genotypes and phenotypes of informative family members
  • Number of informative meioses
PP4 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no patient phenotype or family history is available to determine whether it is highly specific for a single-gene disease. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The available case evidence does not provide a patient phenotype or family history for this variant that can be evaluated for high specificity to a disease with a single genetic etiology. The APOE literature reviewed describes general APOE epsilon4 risk or unrelated cohorts and does not establish a highly specific phenotype for APOE p.Cys130Arg.

Rule
Patient’s phenotype or family history is highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology.
Still missing
  • Patient-level phenotype and family-history information linked to APOE c.388T>C is required.
BS1 ACMGNot assessed: AF 0.148520 is high, but late-onset incomplete penetrance requires disorder-specific maximum-credible-frequency inputs not supplied here. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BS1 is not assessed rather than applied from the generic 1% default. The variant is common across gnomAD overall (AF 0.142529 in v2.1 and 0.148520 in v4.1), but APOE-associated Alzheimer disease risk is late-onset and incompletely penetrant; a source reviewed for this case states that the APOE epsilon-4 allele is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause Alzheimer disease. A valid BS1 conclusion therefore requires a disorder-specific maximum credible allele frequency using prevalence, penetrance, allelic heterogeneity, and the relevant disease definition. Those inputs and a formal maximum-credible-frequency calculation are not supplied, so the generic 1% threshold alone is insufficient.

Rule
Allele frequency is greater than expected for the disorder.
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v2.1: total AF=0.142529 and grpmax FAF=0.215746; homozygotes=2,091.
  • gnomAD v4.1: total AF=0.148520 and grpmax FAF=0.217625; homozygotes=17,710.
  • PMID:20298421: the reviewed guideline states that the APOE epsilon-4 allele is a risk factor for early- and late-onset Alzheimer disease but is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause Alzheimer disease, supporting incomplete penetrance and risk-allele interpretation.
  • Generic calibration supplied for this case: BS1 >=0.01 is only a default; Whiffin et al. 2017, PMID:28518168, is the named publication for maximum-credible-frequency reasoning.
Still missing
  • A disorder-specific maximum credible allele frequency calculation is needed, including disease prevalence, penetrance, allelic heterogeneity, and the disease endpoint being evaluated.
Sources
BS2 ACMG_2015Not assessed: gnomAD reports 17,710 homozygotes, but provides no verified healthy-adult status or early-age full-penetrance assessment. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BS2 is not assessed. gnomAD documents many homozygotes, including 2,091 in v2.1 and 17,710 in v4.1, but these aggregate population datasets do not establish that the individuals were healthy adults, their ages, their clinical phenotypes, or that full penetrance was expected at an early age for the relevant disorder. Homozygote counts alone therefore cannot satisfy the BS2 healthy-adult requirement.

Rule
Observed in a healthy adult individual for a recessive (homozygous), dominant (heterozygous), or X-linked (hemizygous) disorder, with full penetrance expected at an early age.
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v2.1 reports 2,091 homozygotes overall, including 403 African/African American homozygotes.
  • gnomAD v4.1 reports 17,710 homozygotes overall, including 1,772 African/African American homozygotes.
  • The available gnomAD records provide allele counts and homozygote counts but do not verify healthy adult status, age, clinical phenotype, or early-age full penetrance for a defined disorder.
Still missing
  • Verified healthy adult phenotype and age information for homozygous individuals, with a defined fully penetrant early-onset disorder, are unavailable.
Sources
BS3 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no validated assay directly demonstrated normal protein function or splicing for APOE p.Cys130Arg. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BS3 cannot be assessed because no validated in vitro or in vivo functional study in the reviewed evidence directly tests APOE NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg) and demonstrates no damaging effect on protein function or splicing. The APOE4 transgenic-mouse study (PMID:23060451) compares common APOE isoforms rather than this variant and therefore does not provide variant-specific benign functional evidence. No assay controls, quantitative normal-function result, or reproducibility data specific to p.Cys130Arg were identified.

Rule
BS3: Well-established in vitro or in vivo functional studies show no damaging effect on protein function or splicing.
Evidence considered
  • PMID:23060451, the EFAD mouse study assessed APOE2, APOE3, and APOE4 isoforms but did not mention or test c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg); its findings therefore cannot establish normal function for this variant.
  • No reviewed source provides variant-specific evidence showing absence of a damaging effect on APOE protein function or splicing.
Still missing
  • A validated, variant-specific functional or splicing assay with appropriate controls is needed to demonstrate no damaging effect.
  • Variant-specific quantitative normal-function results and reproducibility data are unavailable.
Sources
BS4 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no tested affected relatives or documented non-segregation provides evidence against cosegregation. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BS4 cannot be assessed because the available case evidence does not identify affected family members who were tested, non-carriers who should carry the variant, or any documented lack of segregation. There is no family phenotype and genotype information from which to evaluate phenocopy or multiple-variant explanations.

Rule
Lack of segregation in affected members of a family.
Evidence considered
  • The reviewed case evidence contains no family segregation study, affected-relative testing, or documented non-segregation for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C.
Still missing
  • Pedigree with affected family members
  • Phenotypes and genotypes of tested relatives
  • Documented non-segregation and assessment for phenocopies or additional pathogenic variants
BP2 ACMG_2015Not assessed: the c.[305C>G;388T>C] ClinVar record lacks pathogenicity and patient-level phase evidence for the second allele. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BP2 requires observation of the evaluated variant in trans with a pathogenic variant for a fully penetrant dominant disorder or in cis with a pathogenic variant in any inheritance pattern. ClinVar contains a multi-variant record named NM_000041.3(APOE):c.[305C>G;388T>C], but its sole submission is an association without assertion criteria and does not establish c.305C>G as pathogenic or provide patient-level phase evidence. No other evidence establishes a pathogenic variant in cis or trans with APOE c.388T>C; BP2 therefore cannot be assessed.

Rule
BP2: Observed in trans with a pathogenic variant for a fully penetrant dominant gene/disorder or observed in cis with a pathogenic variant in any inheritance pattern.
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar variation 441269 is named NM_000041.3(APOE):c.[305C>G;388T>C], but its only submission is OMIM association, literature-only, with no assertion criteria; it therefore does not establish that c.305C>G is pathogenic or provide clinical phase evidence.
  • The case evidence provides no affected-proband report, parental testing, offspring testing, segregation result, or other validated observation showing APOE c.388T>C in cis or trans with a pathogenic variant.
Still missing
  • No validated pathogenic partner variant is identified for c.388T>C.
  • No patient-level or parental testing establishes cis or trans phase.
  • The ClinVar multi-variant association record does not establish c.305C>G as pathogenic.
Sources
BP5 ACMG_2015Not assessed: no case links this variant to disease in a patient with a documented alternate molecular basis. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No evidence in the case materials identifies a patient carrying APOE c.388T>C with an alternate molecular basis for the disease. The general APOE and unrelated pharmacogenetic publications reviewed do not establish such a case.

Rule
Variant found in a case with an alternate molecular basis for disease.
Still missing
  • A documented case with the variant and an independently established alternate molecular cause of the relevant disease is required.
Not applicable · 5· recorded as not applicable Show reasons ▾Hide reasons ▴
PVS1 N/ANot applicable: PVS1 requires a null variant (nonsense, frameshift, canonical splice, start-loss or stop-loss), and this is a missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PVS1 (ClinGen SVI PVS1 recommendations, PMC6185798, pvs1_generic_framework) applies only to null variant classes — nonsense, frameshift, canonical ±1/2 splice-consensus, translation-initiation-codon loss, and stop-loss variants — each expected to trigger nonsense-mediated decay or otherwise abolish normal protein function. NM_000041.4:c.388T>C in APOE is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg). As a result, no null-variant mechanism (nonsense-mediated decay, truncation, or canonical splice disruption) is triggered by this variant class, so PVS1's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. No VCEP criteria specification covers PVS1 for APOE, so the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 definition applies. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication.

Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_null_variant_class
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
  • VCEP criterion policy: absent
Sources
pvs1_generic_framework ↗generic_acmg_combination_rules
PM3 N/ANot applicable: PM3 requires a recessive disorder and proven trans phase with a pathogenic variant, neither of which is established for this APOE variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PM3 is limited to recessive disorders and requires the evaluated variant to be detected in trans with a pathogenic variant, with phase established by parental or offspring testing. The case presents APOE c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg) in an APOE risk-allele/common-variant context and provides no recessive disease model or affected-proband phase data; therefore PM3 is not applicable.

Rule
PM3: For recessive disorders, detected in trans with a pathogenic variant ... Note: This requires testing of parents (or offspring) to determine phase.
Evidence considered
  • The case summary identifies no ClinGen specification and uses generic ACMG/AMP rules; it does not establish a recessive APOE disorder for c.388T>C (p.Cys130Arg).
  • The available case evidence contains no affected-proband observation, parental testing, offspring testing, or phase result involving c.388T>C and a pathogenic variant.
Still missing
  • No recessive APOE disease context is established for this variant.
  • No parental or offspring testing establishes trans phase with a pathogenic variant.
PM4 N/ANot applicable: PM4 requires a protein-length change, and this is a missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PM4 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) applies to protein length changes: in-frame insertions/deletions in a non-repetitive region, or stop-loss variants that extend the protein past the reference stop codon. NM_000041.4:c.388T>C in APOE is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg). As a result, no change in protein length occurs, so there is nothing for this criterion to evaluate, so PM4's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. No VCEP criteria specification covers PM4 for APOE, so the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 definition applies. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication.

Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_stop_loss_or_nonrepeat_indel
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
  • VCEP criterion policy: absent
Sources
pvs1_generic_framework ↗generic_acmg_combination_rules
BP3 N/ANot applicable: BP3 requires an in-frame indel in a repeat region, and this is a missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BP3 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) applies to in-frame insertions/deletions located in a repetitive region without a known function. NM_000041.4:c.388T>C in APOE is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg). As a result, the variant does not alter protein length within a repeat region, so there is nothing for this criterion to evaluate, so BP3's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. No VCEP criteria specification covers BP3 for APOE, so the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 definition applies. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication.

Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_repeat_region_indel
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
  • VCEP criterion policy: absent
Sources
pvs1_generic_framework ↗generic_acmg_combination_rules
BP7 N/ANot applicable: BP7 requires a synonymous variant, and this is a missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BP7 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) is defined for a synonymous (silent) variant for which splicing prediction algorithms predict no impact to the splice consensus sequence and the nucleotide is not highly conserved. NM_000041.4:c.388T>C in APOE is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg). As a result, the encoded protein sequence is altered, so the criterion's silent-variant premise does not hold regardless of any splicing prediction, so BP7's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. No VCEP criteria specification covers BP7 for APOE, so the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 definition applies. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication.

Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_synonymous
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
  • VCEP criterion policy: absent
Sources
generic_acmg_combination_rules

Identifiers

Gene
APOE
Transcript
NM_000041.4
Coding (HGVS c.)
NM_000041.4:c.388T>C
Protein (HGVS p.)
NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg)
GRCh38
chr19:44908684 T>C
GRCh37
chr19:45411941 T>C
Location and type
Exon 4 · missense
ClinVar
441269, 441268, 441267, 440870, 17864
COSMIC
COSV52985231

Gene diagram

Every interpreted variant in APOE, mapped onto the exon structure of NM_000041.4. Select a row to find it on the plot.

APOENM_000041.4
Fetching transcript structure from UCSC…
gnomAD v4.1 232,864 / 1,567,892 alleles AF 0.149 · 17710 homozygotes · FAF 0.218
gnomAD v2.1 28,637 / 200,920 alleles AF 0.143 · 2091 homozygotes · FAF 0.216
gnomAD-Canada v1.0 Allele count data not recorded

By genetic ancestry

gnomAD v4.1

AF 0.15 · 232864 / 1,567,892 alleles · 17710 hom · FAF 0.22
African/African American16245 / 73,686 0.221772 hom
European (Finnish)11533 / 60,090 0.191100 hom
European (non-Finnish)174295 / 1,157,104 0.1512991 hom
Remaining individuals8414 / 60,776 0.14623 hom
Amish124 / 910 0.147 hom
Ashkenazi Jewish3458 / 28,748 0.12197 hom
Admixed American5611 / 52,482 0.11299 hom
South Asian8686 / 86,316 0.1522 hom
East Asian4094 / 41,846 0.098183 hom
Middle Eastern404 / 5,934 0.06816 hom

gnomAD v2.1

AF 0.14 · 28637 / 200,920 alleles · 2091 hom · FAF 0.22
African/African American3871 / 17,744 0.22403 hom
European (Finnish)4073 / 19,798 0.21418 hom
European (non-Finnish)12460 / 83,842 0.15838 hom
Remaining individuals785 / 5,748 0.1444 hom
Ashkenazi Jewish1014 / 8,846 0.1151 hom
Admixed American2759 / 26,718 0.1141 hom
South Asian2474 / 24,650 0.1149 hom
East Asian1201 / 13,574 0.08847 hom

gnomAD-Canada

AF not recorded · ? / ? alleles

Statements

gnomAD v4.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 0.14852; MAF= 14.85204%, 232864/1567892 alleles, homozygotes = 17710) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 0.220463; MAF= 22.04625%, 16245/73686 alleles, homozygotes = 1772); grpmax FAF= 0.217625.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.142529; MAF= 14.25294%, 28637/200920 alleles, homozygotes = 2091) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 0.218158; MAF= 21.81583%, 3871/17744 alleles, homozygotes = 403); grpmax FAF= 0.215746.

gnomAD-Canada

This variant is present in gnomAD-Canada v1.0 (AF= 0.12580154331050972, 2315/18402 alleles, homozygotes = 168).

Open the gnomAD-Canada detail page →

SpliceAI and Pangolin

SpliceAI acceptor lossat -203 bp
0.004
SpliceAI acceptor gainat -484 bp
0.000
SpliceAI donor lossat +99 bp
0.000
SpliceAI donor gainat +359 bp
0.000
Pangolin splice lossmagnitude shown
-0.003
Pangolin splice gain
0.002

Other predictors

REVEL
0.229
BayesDel
-0.313

How the predictions were used

BP4 SupportingACMGMet at supporting strength: REVEL 0.229 is within the generic BP4 supporting threshold of <= 0.29 for this missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

NM_000041.4:c.388T>C is a missense variant, NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg), so the governing generic path is REVEL only; SpliceAI is not used for PP3/BP4 in this missense situation. The REVEL score is 0.229, which meets the generic BP4 supporting threshold of <= 0.29. This is a single applicable predictor path, without double-counting SpliceAI or using the uncalibrated BayesDel score.

Rule
Missense variant -> REVEL only. Its SpliceAI score says nothing about whether the amino-acid substitution is tolerated, so 'no predicted splice impact' is never BP4 support for a missense variant. ... BP4 (supporting): <= 0.29 — ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, Am J Hum Genet) (PMID:36413997)
Evidence considered
  • Variant consequence: missense, NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg)); therefore REVEL is the applicable computational path and SpliceAI is excluded.
  • Local REVEL lookup: score 0.229 for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C.
  • Generic calibration: BP4 supporting requires REVEL <= 0.29, from the ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997); 0.229 meets this threshold.
  • BayesDel score -0.312622 was not used because no generic ACMG-strength calibration is established.
Sources
revel
PP3 ACMGNot met: REVEL 0.229 is below the generic PP3 supporting threshold of 0.644 for this missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

NM_000041.4:c.388T>C is a missense variant, NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg), so the governing generic path is REVEL only; SpliceAI is not used for PP3/BP4 in this missense situation. The REVEL score is 0.229, below the generic PP3 supporting threshold of >= 0.644. BayesDel is not used because no generic ACMG-strength calibration is established.

Rule
Missense variant -> REVEL only. Its SpliceAI score says nothing about whether the amino-acid substitution is tolerated, so 'no predicted splice impact' is never BP4 support for a missense variant. ... PP3 (supporting): >= 0.644 — ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, Am J Hum Genet) (PMID:36413997)
Evidence considered
  • Variant consequence: missense, NM_000041.4:c.388T>C (NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg)); therefore REVEL is the applicable computational path and SpliceAI is excluded.
  • Local REVEL lookup: score 0.229 for NM_000041.4:c.388T>C.
  • Generic calibration: PP3 supporting requires REVEL >= 0.644, from the ClinGen SVI REVEL calibration (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997); 0.229 does not meet this threshold.
  • BayesDel score -0.312622 was not used because no generic ACMG-strength calibration is established.
Sources
revel
BP7 N/ANot applicable: BP7 requires a synonymous variant, and this is a missense variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BP7 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) is defined for a synonymous (silent) variant for which splicing prediction algorithms predict no impact to the splice consensus sequence and the nucleotide is not highly conserved. NM_000041.4:c.388T>C in APOE is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_000032.1:p.(Cys130Arg). As a result, the encoded protein sequence is altered, so the criterion's silent-variant premise does not hold regardless of any splicing prediction, so BP7's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. No VCEP criteria specification covers BP7 for APOE, so the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 definition applies. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication.

Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_synonymous
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
  • VCEP criterion policy: absent
Sources
generic_acmg_combination_rules

Statement

In silico

SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.229. BayesDel score = -0.312622.

10 paper records listed. No publication is explicitly linked to an applied criterion in the recorded metadata. None of the listed paper records explicitly indicates that the variant is named.

Recorded publications

  • Functional analysis of 13 GBA mutant alleles identified in Gaucher disease patients: Pathogenic changes and "modifier" polymorphisms.
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 15146461 ↗
  • APOE4-specific changes in A&#x3b2; accumulation in a new transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
    This paper does not mention APOE c.388T>C or NP_000032.1:p.(C130R). It evaluates human APOE2, APOE3, and APOE4 isoforms in EFAD transgenic mice. Relative to APOE2 and APOE3, APOE4 was associated with greater amyloid-beta accumulation, greater plaque deposition with a higher proportion of compact plaques, higher soluble amyloid-beta42 and oligomeric amyloid-beta levels, and lower total apoE levels, particularly in the detergent-soluble fraction; the study therefore provides APOE isoform functional context but no variant-specific evidence for p.Cys130Arg.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 23060451 ↗
    Quoted passage
    In E4FAD mice, total apoE levels were lower and total Aβ levels higher than in E2FAD and E3FAD mice.

    Abstract; Results sections titled ‘Plaque Deposition Is Greatest in E4FAD’ and ‘Total apoE Levels Are Lower and Total Aβ42 Levels Are Higher in E4FAD Mice’

  • Apolipoprotein E2-Dunedin (228 Arg replaced by Cys): an apolipoprotein E2 variant with normal receptor-binding activity.
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 2341812 ↗
  • Clinical Practice Recommendations on Genetic Testing of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 Variants in Warfarin Therapy.
    This review addresses CYP2C9, VKORC1, and CYP4F2 variation in relation to warfarin therapy and does not mention APOE c.388T>C or p.Cys130Arg; it provides no relevant phenotype-prevalence evidence.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 26186657 ↗
    Quoted passage
    A systematic literature search was performed for VKORC1 and CYP2C9 and their association with warfarin therapy.

    Abstract, Methods

  • Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 and short-term recovery from predominantly mild brain injury.
    The study prospectively enrolled 87 adults with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury to evaluate whether APOE genotype explained short-term recovery. The reviewed source did not report exact APOE c.388T>C or p.Cys130Arg case-control counts, odds ratios, or confidence intervals.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 11940689 ↗
    Quoted passage
    A total of 87 adult patients presenting with mild or moderate TBI to a shock trauma center were enrolled prospectively.

    Abstract

  • APOE genotype and cognitive decline in a middle-aged cohort.
    Blair CK et al. · 2005
    The study evaluated common APOE epsilon2, epsilon3, and epsilon4 genotypes in the ARIC cohort using codon-112 and codon-158 data. It did not mention APOE c.388T>C or p.Cys130Arg and therefore does not provide exact-variant PS4 evidence.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 15668424 ↗
    Quoted passage
    The data from these two codons were combined to generate the six APOE genotypes.

    Methods, Assessment of exposures and outcome, APOE genotype

  • EFNS guidelines on the molecular diagnosis of channelopathies, epilepsies, migraine, stroke, and dementias.
    The paper does not mention APOE c.388T>C or NP_000032.1:p.(C130R). It describes the APOE epsilon4 allele as a common risk factor for early- and late-onset Alzheimer disease, states that it is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause Alzheimer disease, and lists APOE as a common variant associated with Alzheimer disease.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 20298421 ↗
    Quoted passage
    In addition to the mutations mentioned previously that can cause AD with high penetrance, a common variant of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) known as the ε4-allele has been clearly established as a risk factor for early and late-onset AD (AD2). As the APOE ε4-allele is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause AD, there is a wide consensus that at present there is no clear benefit in APOE genotyping to assist with diagnosis [22] or pre-symptomatic risk assessment.

    Inherited dementias, Alzheimer’s disease section; Table 3, Genetics of hereditary dementias

  • Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guidelines for CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and warfarin dosing.
    This paper concerns CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotype data for warfarin dosing and does not mention APOE c.388T>C or p.Cys130Arg; it provides no relevant phenotype-prevalence evidence.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 21900891 ↗
    Quoted passage
    The purpose of this article is to assist in the interpretation and use of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotype data for estimating therapeutic warfarin dose to achieve an INR of 2–3, should genotype results be available to the clinician.

    Abstract/introduction, page 625

  • Preventing Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 21500874 ↗
  • Recommendations of the 5th Canadian Consensus Conference on the diagnosis and treatment of dementia.
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 32725777 ↗

Screenshots represent source records captured during evidence collection. Select one to view the recorded source content.

All source links

Statements for reports

The evidence statements recorded by the interpretation pipeline. They have not been reinterpreted by the page.

gnomAD v4.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 0.14852; MAF= 14.85204%, 232864/1567892 alleles, homozygotes = 17710) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 0.220463; MAF= 22.04625%, 16245/73686 alleles, homozygotes = 1772); grpmax FAF= 0.217625.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.142529; MAF= 14.25294%, 28637/200920 alleles, homozygotes = 2091) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 0.218158; MAF= 21.81583%, 3871/17744 alleles, homozygotes = 403); grpmax FAF= 0.215746.

gnomAD-Canada

This variant is present in gnomAD-Canada v1.0 (AF= 0.12580154331050972, 2315/18402 alleles, homozygotes = 168).

ClinVar

This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (5 clinical laboratories) and as risk factor (2 clinical laboratories) and as Likely pathogenic (2 clinical laboratories) and as Pathogenic (2 clinical laboratories) and as Established risk allele (1 clinical laboratory) and as other (1 clinical laboratory) and as Benign (1 clinical laboratory) and as Likely benign (1 clinical laboratory) and as Likely risk allele (1 clinical laboratory). (ClinVarID = 17864)

In silico

SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.229. BayesDel score = -0.312622.

Somatic

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV52985231, n = 14 times).

Cancer Hotspots

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.